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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

______________________________________

FORM 10-Q

______________________________________

☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025

or

☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to         

    

Commission file number 001-09718

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

___________________________________________________________

Pennsylvania						25-1435979
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

The Tower at PNC Plaza, 300 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222-2401

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(888) 762-2265

(Registrant’s telephone number including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

___________________________________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class			Trading Symbol(s)			Name of Each Exchange     on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $5.00			PNC			New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

    Yes  ☐  No  ☒

As of April 16, 2025, there were 395,567,009 shares of the registrant’s common stock ($5 par value) outstanding.

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THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.

Cross-Reference Index to First Quarter 2024 Form 10-Q

			Pages
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.   Financial Statements (Unaudited).
Consolidated Income Statement			42
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income			43
Consolidated Balance Sheet			44
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows			45
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 1 Accounting Policies			47
Note 2  Investment Securities			48
Note 3  Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses			51
Note 4   Loan Sale and Servicing Activities and Variable Interest Entities			62
Note 5  Goodwill and Mortgage Servicing Rights			64
Note 6 Leases			66
Note 7 Borrowed Funds			66
Note 8 Commitments			67
Note 9 Total Equity and Other Comprehensive Income			68
Note 10 Earnings Per Share			70
Note 11 Fair Value			70
Note 12 Financial Derivatives			79
Note 13 Legal Proceedings			85
Note 14 Segment Reporting			86
Note 15 Fee-based Revenue from Contracts with Customers			89
Glossary			90
Defined Terms			90
Acronyms			90
Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A).
Financial Review			1
Executive Summary			1
Consolidated Income Statement Review			5
Consolidated Balance Sheet Review			8
Business Segments Review			11
Risk Management			18
Average Consolidated Balance Sheet and Net Interest Analysis			35
Non-GAAP Financial Information			37
Recent Regulatory Developments			37
Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments			37
Internal Controls and Disclosure Controls and Procedures			40
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information			40
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.			21-38, 49-50, 83-89
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.			40
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings.			90
Item 1A.   Risk Factors.			90
Item 2.     Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.			91
Item 5.     Other Information			91
Item 6.      Exhibits.			91
Exhibit Index			91
Corporate Information			92
Signature			93

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MD&A TABLE REFERENCE
Table			Description			Page
1			Summary of Operations, Per Common Share Data and Performance Ratios			2
2			Balance Sheet Highlights and Other Selected Ratios			2
3			Summarized Average Balances and Net Interest Income			5
4			Noninterest Income			6
5			Noninterest Expense			7
6			Provision for Credit Losses			8
7			Summarized Balance Sheet Data			8
8			Loans			9
9			Investment Securities			9
10			Weighted-Average Expected Maturities of Mortgage and Asset-Backed Debt Securities			10
11			Details of Funding Sources			10
12			Retail Banking Table			12
13			Corporate & Institutional Banking Table			14
14			Asset Management Group Table			17
15			Details of Loans			19
16			Commercial and Industrial Loans by Industry			20
17			Commercial Real Estate Loans by Geography and Property Type			21
18			Residential Real Estate Loan Statistics			22
19			Home Equity Loan Statistics			23
20			Auto Loan Statistics			24
21			Nonperforming Assets by Type			24
22			Change in Nonperforming Assets			25
23			Accruing Loans Past Due			25
24			Allowance for Credit Losses by Loan Class			26
25			Loan Charge-Offs and Recoveries			27
26			Senior and Subordinated Debt			28
27			Primary Contingent Liquidity Sources			28
28			Parent Company Notes Issued			29
29			Credit Ratings and Outlook			30
30			Basel III Capital			31
31			Net Interest Income Sensitivity Analysis			32
32			Economic Value of Equity Sensitivity Analysis			33
33			Equity Investments Summary			34
34			Average Consolidated Balance Sheet and Net Interest Analysis			35
35			Reconciliation of Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income (non-GAAP)			37
36			Key Macroeconomic Variables in CECL Weighted-Average Scenarios			38

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS TABLE REFERENCE
Table			Description			Page
37			Investment Securities Summary			48
38			Gross Unrealized Loss and Fair Value of Securities Available-for-Sale Without an Allowance for Credit Losses			49
39			Gains (Losses) on Sales of Securities Available-for-Sale			49
40			Contractual Maturity of Debt Securities			50
41			Fair Value of Securities Pledged and Accepted as Collateral			50
42			Analysis of Loan Portfolio			52
43			Nonperforming Assets			53
44			Commercial Credit Quality Indicators			54
45			Credit Quality Indicators for Residential Real Estate and Home Equity Loan Classes			55
46			Credit Quality Indicators for Automobile, Credit Card, Education and Other Consumer Loan Classes			57
47			Loan Modifications Granted to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty			59
48			Financial Effect of FDMs			60
49			Delinquency Status of FDMs			61
50			Subsequently Defaulted FDMs			61
51			Rollforward of Allowance for Credit Losses			62
52			Loan Sale and Servicing Activities			63
53			Principal Balance, Delinquent Loans and Net Charge-offs Related to Serviced Loans For Others			63
54			Non-Consolidated VIEs			64
55			Mortgage Servicing Rights			65
56			Commercial Mortgage Servicing Rights – Key Valuation Assumptions			65
57			Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights – Key Valuation Assumptions			66
58			Lessor Income			66
59			Borrowed Funds			66
60			FHLB Borrowings, Senior Debt and Subordinated Debt			67
61			Commitments to Extend Credit and Other Commitments			67
62			Rollforward of Total Equity			68
63			Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			69
64			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components			69
65			Dividends Per Share			69
66			Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Common Share			70
67			Fair Value Measurements – Recurring Basis Summary			71
68			Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities			72
69			Fair Value Measurements – Recurring Quantitative Information			74
70			Fair Value Measurements – Nonrecurring			76
71			Fair Value Option – Fair Value and Principal Balances			77
72			Fair Value Option – Changes in Fair Value			77
73			Additional Fair Value Information Related to Other Financial Instruments			78
74			Total Gross Derivatives			80
75			Gains (Losses) Recognized on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedges in the Consolidated Income Statement			82
76			Hedged Items - Fair Value Hedges			82
77			Gains (Losses) on Derivatives Not Designated for Hedging			83
78			Derivative Assets and Liabilities Offsetting			84
79			Credit-Risk Contingent Features			85
80			Business Segment Results			87
81			Reconciliation of Business Segment Results to Consolidated			88
82			Noninterest Income by Business Segment and Reconciliation to Consolidated Noninterest Income			89

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FINANCIAL REVIEW

THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.

This Financial Review, including the Consolidated Financial Highlights, should be read together with our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Report” or “Form 10-Q”) and with Items 7, 8 and 9A of our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K (our “2024 Form 10-K”). For information regarding certain business, regulatory and legal risks, see the following: the Risk Management section of this Financial Review and Item 7 in our 2024 Form 10-K; Item 1A Risk Factors included in our 2024 Form 10-K; and the Commitments and Legal Proceedings Notes included in this Report and Item 8 of our 2024 Form 10-K. Also, see the Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information section in this Financial Review and the Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments section in this Financial Review and in our 2024 Form 10-K for certain other factors that could cause actual results or future events to differ, perhaps materially, from historical performance and from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements included in this Report. See Note 14 Segment Reporting for a reconciliation of total business segment earnings to total PNC consolidated net income as reported on a GAAP basis. In this Report, “PNC,” “we” or “us” refers to The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis (except when referring to PNC as a public company, its common stock or other securities issued by PNC, which just refer to The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc.). References to The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. or to any of its subsidiaries are specifically made where applicable.

See page 90 for a glossary of certain terms and acronyms used in this Report.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, we are one of the largest diversified financial institutions in the U.S. We have businesses engaged in retail banking, corporate and institutional banking and asset management, providing many of our products and services nationally. Our retail branch network is located coast-to-coast. We also have strategic international offices in four countries outside the U.S.

Key Strategic Goals

At PNC we manage our company for the long term. We are focused on the fundamentals of growing customers, loans, deposits and revenue and improving profitability, while investing for the future and managing risk, expenses and capital. We continue to invest in our products, markets and brand, and embrace our commitments to our customers, shareholders, employees and the communities where we do business.

We strive to serve our customers and expand and deepen relationships by offering a broad range of deposit, credit and fee-based products and services. We are focused on delivering those products and services to our customers with the goal of addressing their financial objectives and needs. Our business model is built on customer loyalty and engagement, understanding our customers’ financial goals and offering our diverse products and services to help them achieve financial well-being. Our approach is concentrated on organically growing and deepening client relationships across our businesses that meet our risk/return measures.

We are focused on our strategic priorities, which are designed to enhance value over the long term, and consist of:

•Expanding our leading banking franchise to new markets and digital platforms,

•Deepening customer relationships by delivering a superior banking experience and financial solutions, and

•Leveraging technology to create efficiencies that help us better serve customers.

Our capital and liquidity priorities are to support customers, fund business investments and return excess capital to shareholders, while maintaining appropriate capital and liquidity in light of economic conditions, the Basel III framework and other regulatory expectations. For more detail, see the Capital and Liquidity Highlights portion of this Executive Summary, the Liquidity and Capital Management portion of the Risk Management section of this Financial Review and the Supervision and Regulation section in Item 1 Business of our 2024 Form 10-K.

1    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Selected Financial Data

The following tables include selected financial data which should be reviewed in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in Item 1 of this Report as well as the other disclosures in this Report concerning our historical financial performance, our future prospects and the risks associated with our business and financial performance:

Table 1: Summary of Operations, Per Common Share Data and Performance Ratios

Dollars in millions, except per share data Unaudited			Three months ended
			March 31			December 31			March 31
			2025			2024			2024
Summary of Operations (a)
Net interest income			$	3,476		$	3,523		$	3,264
Noninterest income			1,976			2,044			1,881
Total revenue			5,452			5,567			5,145
Provision for credit losses			219			156			155
Noninterest expense			3,387			3,506			3,334
Income before income taxes and noncontrolling interests			1,846			1,905			1,656
Income taxes			347			278			312
Net income			$	1,499		$	1,627		$	1,344
Net income attributable to common shareholders			$	1,408		$	1,514		$	1,247
Per Common Share
Basic			$	3.52		$	3.77		$	3.10
Diluted			$	3.51		$	3.77		$	3.10
Book value per common share			$	127.98		$	122.94		$	113.30
Performance Ratios
Net interest margin (non-GAAP) (b)			2.78		%	2.75		%	2.57		%
Noninterest income to total revenue			36		%	37		%	37		%
Efficiency			62		%	63		%	65		%
Return on:
Average common shareholders’ equity			11.60		%	12.38		%	11.39		%
Average assets			1.09		%	1.14		%	0.97		%

(a)The Executive Summary and Consolidated Income Statement Review portions of this Financial Review section provide information regarding items impacting the comparability of the periods presented.

(b)See explanation and reconciliation of this non-GAAP measure in the Average Consolidated Balance Sheet and Net Interest Analysis and Non-GAAP Financial Information sections of this Item 2.

Table 2: Balance Sheet Highlights and Other Selected Ratios

Dollars in millions, except as noted Unaudited			March 31 2025			December 31 2024			March 31 2024
Balance Sheet Highlights (a)
Assets			$	554,722		$	560,038		$	566,162
Loans			$	318,850		$	316,467		$	319,781
Allowance for loan and lease losses			$	4,544		$	4,486		$	4,693
Interest-earning deposits with banks			$	32,298		$	39,347		$	53,612
Investment securities			$	137,775		$	139,732		$	130,460
Total deposits			$	422,915		$	426,738		$	425,624
Borrowed funds			$	60,722		$	61,673		$	72,707
Total shareholders’ equity			$	56,405		$	54,425		$	51,340
Common shareholders’ equity			$	50,654		$	48,676		$	45,097
Other Selected Ratios
Common equity Tier 1 (b)			10.6		%	10.5		%	10.1		%
Loans to deposits			75		%	74		%	75		%
Common shareholders’ equity to total assets			9.1		%	8.7		%	8.0		%

(a)The Executive Summary and Consolidated Balance Sheet Review portions of this Financial Review provide information regarding items impacting the comparability of the periods presented.

(b)The March 31, 2025 ratio is calculated to reflect the full impact of CECL. The December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 ratios are calculated to reflect PNC’s election to adopt the CECL optional five-year transition provisions. The impact of the provisions was phased-in to regulatory capital through December 31, 2024.

2    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Income Statement Highlights

Net income of $1.5 billion, or $3.51 per diluted common share, for the first quarter of 2025 decreased $128 million, or 8%, compared to $1.6 billion, or $3.77 per diluted common share, for the fourth quarter of 2024, due to lower noninterest and net interest income and a higher provision for credit losses, partially offset by lower noninterest expenses.

•For the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2024:

•Total revenue of $5.5 billion decreased $115 million, or 2%.

•Net interest income of $3.5 billion decreased $47 million, or 1%, driven by two fewer days in the quarter, partially offset by the benefit of lower funding costs and fixed rate asset repricing.

•Net interest margin increased 3 basis points to 2.78%.

•Noninterest income of $2.0 billion decreased $68 million, or 3%, reflecting lower capital markets and advisory activity and higher negative Visa derivative adjustments. The first quarter of 2025 included negative $40 million of Visa derivative fair value adjustments, primarily related to litigation escrow funding, compared to negative $23 million in the fourth quarter of 2024.

•Provision for credit losses was $219 million in the first quarter of 2025 and was driven by net charge-offs, primarily in our commercial and industrial and credit card loan classes, and a net increase in the ACL due to changes in macroeconomic factors and portfolio activity. The fourth quarter of 2024 included a provision for credit losses of $156 million.

•Noninterest expense decreased $119 million, or 3%, to $3.4 billion, reflecting asset impairments recognized in the fourth quarter of $97 million as well as seasonally lower other noninterest expense and marketing.

Net income increased $155 million, or 12%, compared to $1.3 billion, or $3.10 per diluted common share, for the first three months of 2024 driven by higher net interest and noninterest income, partially offset by a higher provision for credit losses and higher noninterest expenses.

•For the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024:

•Total revenue increased $307 million, or 6%, to $5.5 billion.

•Net interest income increased $212 million, or 6%, reflecting the benefit of lower funding costs and the continued repricing of fixed rate assets.

•Net interest margin increased 21 basis points.

•Noninterest income increased $95 million, or 5%, primarily due to higher merger and acquisition advisory activity, increased underwriting fees and higher average equity markets.

•Provision for credit losses was $219 million in the first three months of 2025. The first three months of 2024 included a provision for credit losses of $155 million.

•Noninterest expense increased $53 million, or 2%, compared to the first three months of 2024 as a result of increased business activity, technology investments and higher marketing spend.

For additional detail, see the Consolidated Income Statement Review section of this Financial Review.

Balance Sheet Highlights

Our balance sheet was well positioned at March 31, 2025. In comparison to December 31, 2024:

•Total assets of $554.7 billion decreased $5.3 billion, or 1%, reflecting lower balances held with the FRB and lower securities balances, partially offset by higher loans outstanding.

•Total loans of $318.9 billion increased $2.4 billion, or 1%.

•Total commercial loans increased $3.4 billion, or 2%, to $219.6 billion, due to higher utilization of loan commitments and new production within the commercial and industrial portfolio, partially offset by lower commercial real estate loans.

•Total consumer loans decreased $1.0 billion, or 1%, to $99.3 billion, primarily due to lower residential real estate loans, as paydowns outpaced originations.

•Investment securities decreased $2.0 billion, or 1%, to $137.8 billion, primarily due to prepayments and maturities of both available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities outpacing purchases of available-for-sale securities.

•Interest-earning deposits with banks, primarily with the FRB, decreased $7.0 billion, or 18%, to $32.3 billion, driven by lower deposits and higher loan balances, partially offset by lower securities balances.

•Total deposits decreased $3.8 billion, or 1%, to $422.9 billion, primarily due to lower interest-bearing deposits. The decrease in interest-bearing deposits was driven by lower commercial balances and brokered time deposits, partially offset by higher consumer balances.

•Borrowed funds decreased $1.0 billion, or 2%, to $60.7 billion, due to lower FHLB advances, partially offset by parent company senior debt issuances in the first quarter of 2025.

For additional detail, see the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review section of this Financial Review.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 3  

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Credit Quality Highlights

The first quarter of 2025 reflected solid credit quality performance.

•At March 31, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024:

•Overall loan delinquencies of $1.4 billion increased $49 million, or 4%, and included higher consumer loan delinquencies, primarily related to forbearance activity associated with the California wildfires.

•The ACL related to loans, which consists of the ALLL and the allowance for unfunded lending related commitments, totaled $5.2 billion at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. ACL to total loans was 1.64% at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

•Nonperforming assets of $2.3 billion were stable.

•Net loan charge-offs of $205 million, or 0.26% of average loans, in the first quarter of 2025 decreased $45 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, primarily due to lower commercial real estate net loan charge-offs.

For additional detail see the Credit Risk Management portion of the Risk Management section of this Financial Review.

Capital and Liquidity Highlights

We maintained our strong capital and liquidity positions.

•Common shareholders’ equity of $50.7 billion at March 31, 2025 increased $2.0 billion compared to December 31, 2024, due to the benefit of net income and an improvement in AOCI, partially offset by common dividends paid and common share repurchases.

•In the first quarter of 2025, PNC returned $0.8 billion of capital to shareholders, including $0.6 billion of dividends on common shares and $0.2 billion of common share repurchases.

•On April 3, 2025, the PNC Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $1.60 per share to be paid on May 5, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business April 16, 2025.

•Our CET1 ratio increased to 10.6% at March 31, 2025 from 10.5% at December 31, 2024.

PNC’s ability to take certain capital actions, including returning capital to shareholders, is subject to PNC meeting or exceeding an SCB established by the Federal Reserve Board in connection with the Federal Reserve Board’s CCAR process. PNC’s SCB for the four-quarter period beginning October 1, 2024 is the regulatory minimum of 2.5%. For additional information on our liquidity and capital actions as well as our capital ratios, see Capital Management in the Risk Management section in this Financial Review, the Recent Regulatory Developments section in this Financial Review and the Supervision and Regulation section in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Business Outlook

Statements regarding our business outlook are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Our forward-looking financial statements are subject to the risk that economic and financial market conditions will be substantially different than those we are currently expecting and do not take into account potential legal and regulatory contingencies. These statements are based on our views that:

•The economic fundamentals remain solid in the spring of 2025. The labor market remains strong, and job and income gains have supported consumer spending growth in early 2025. However, downside risks have materially increased with recent substantial changes to U.S. tariffs and corresponding policy changes by U.S. trading partners.

•PNC’s baseline forecast remains for continued expansion, but slower economic growth in 2025 than in 2024. High interest rates remain a drag on the economy, consumer spending growth will slow to a pace more consistent with household income growth, and government’s contribution to economic growth will be smaller.

•The baseline forecast is for real GDP growth of less than 1% in 2025 and between 1% and 2% in 2026, with the unemployment rate increasing to around 5% over the next year. However, the recent turbulence in trade policy indicates that growth may be significantly weaker than in this forecast and the unemployment rate higher. It remains to be seen the extent that policies will be implemented or persist. If implemented as proposed, higher prices will weigh on consumers and businesses, and retaliatory policy changes will weigh on U.S. exports. The large decline in equity prices will also be a drag on consumer spending. The longer the ongoing trade dispute persists, the greater the likelihood of near-term recession.

•The baseline forecast is for four federal funds rate cuts of 25 basis points each in 2025, starting in July. This would take the federal funds rate to a range between 3.25% and 3.50% at the end of 2025. High inflation could mean less monetary easing than in the forecast, but if the economy enters recession the Federal Reserve could cut the federal funds rate more aggressively this year.

Consistent with the forward guidance we provided on April 15, 2025, for the second quarter of 2025, compared to the first quarter of 2025, we expect:

•Average loans to be up approximately 1%,

•Net interest income to be up 1% to 2%,

•Fee income to be up 1% to 3%,

4    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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•Other noninterest income to be $150 million to $200 million,

•Total revenue to be up 1% to 3%,

•Noninterest expense to be stable,

•Net loan charge-offs to be approximately $300 million.

Consistent with the forward guidance we provided on January 16, 2025 and April 15, 2025, for the full year 2025, compared to the full year of 2024, we expect:

•Average loans to be stable,

•Spot loans to be up 2% to 3%,

•Net interest income to be up 6% to 7%,

•Noninterest income to be up approximately 5%,

•Revenue to be up approximately 6%,

•Noninterest expense to be up approximately 1%, and

•The effective tax rate to be approximately 19%.

Noninterest income, other noninterest income and total revenue guidance does not forecast net securities gains or losses or Visa activity.

We are unable to provide a meaningful or accurate reconciliation of forward-looking non-GAAP measures, without unreasonable effort, to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. This is due to the inherent difficulty of forecasting the timing and amounts necessary for the reconciliation, when such amounts are subject to events that cannot be reasonably predicted, as noted in our Cautionary Statement. Accordingly, we cannot address the probable significance of unavailable information.

See the Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information section in this Financial Review and Item 1A Risk Factors included in our 2024 Form 10-K for other factors that could cause future events to differ, perhaps materially, from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT REVIEW

Our Consolidated Income Statement is presented in Item 1 of this Report.

Net income of $1.5 billion, or $3.51 per diluted common share, for the first quarter of 2025 decreased $128 million, or 8%, compared to $1.6 billion, or $3.77 per diluted common share, for the fourth quarter of 2024, due to lower noninterest and net interest income and a higher provision for credit losses, partially offset by lower noninterest expenses. Net income increased $155 million, or 12%, compared to $1.3 billion, or $3.10 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2024, driven by higher net interest and noninterest income, partially offset by a higher provision for credit losses and higher noninterest expenses.

Table 3: Summarized Average Balances and Net Interest Income (a)

			March 31, 2025												December 31, 2024												March 31, 2024
Three months ended Dollars in millions			Average Balances			Average Yields/ Rates			Interest Income/ Expense						Average Balances			Average Yields/ Rates			Interest Income/ Expense						Average Balances			Average Yields/ Rates			Interest Income/ Expense
Assets
Interest-earning assets
Investment securities			$	142,181		3.17		%	$	1,129					$	143,863		3.17		%	$	1,147					$	135,434		2.62		%	$	888
Loans			316,624			5.70		%	4,495						319,058			5.87		%	4,756						320,609			6.01		%	4,848
Interest-earning deposits with banks (b)			34,614			4.42		%	381						37,929			4.86		%	461						48,250			5.47		%	660
Other			10,147			6.02		%	153						10,337			6.17		%	160						8,002			6.92		%	138
Total interest-earning assets/interest income			$	503,566		4.90		%	6,158						$	511,187		5.04		%	6,524						$	512,295		5.08		%	6,534
Liabilities
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits			$	328,281		2.23		%	1,808						$	329,126		2.43		%	2,010						$	321,280		2.60		%	2,077
Borrowed funds			64,505			5.25		%	846						67,169			5.61		%	961						75,590			6.07		%	1,159
Total interest-bearing liabilities/interest expense			$	392,786		2.72		%	2,654						$	396,295		2.95		%	2,971						$	396,870		3.24		%	3,236
Net interest margin/income (non-GAAP)						2.78		%	3,504									2.75		%	3,553									2.57		%	3,298
Taxable-equivalent adjustments									(28)												(30)												(34)
Net interest income (GAAP)									$	3,476											$	3,523											$	3,264

(a)Interest income calculated as taxable-equivalent interest income. To provide more meaningful comparisons of interest income and yields for all interest-earning assets, as well as net interest margins, we use interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis in calculating average yields and net interest margins by increasing the interest income

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 5  

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earned on tax-exempt assets to make it fully equivalent to interest income earned on taxable investments. This adjustment is not permitted under GAAP on the Consolidated Income Statement. For more information, see Table 35 Reconciliation of Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income (non-GAAP).

(b)Interest income from Interest-earning deposits with banks primarily includes interest earned on our balances held with the FRB and is reported as Other interest income on our Consolidated Income Statement.

Changes in net interest income and margin result from the interaction of the volume and composition of interest-earning assets and related yields, interest-bearing liabilities and related rates paid and noninterest-bearing sources of funding. See Table 34 Average Consolidated Balance Sheet And Net Interest Analysis for additional information.

Net interest income decreased $47 million, or 1%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, and increased $212 million, or 6%, from the first quarter of 2024. Both comparisons reflected the benefit of lower funding costs and the continued repricing of fixed rate assets. In comparison to the fourth quarter of 2024, the benefit was more than offset by two fewer days in the quarter. Net interest margin increased 3 basis points compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, and 21 basis points compared to the first three months of 2024. In both comparisons, the increase was primarily driven by lower funding rates.

Average investment securities decreased $1.7 billion, or 1%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, reflecting maturities and net paydowns of held-to-maturity securities. Average investment securities increased $6.7 billion, or 5%, compared to the first three months of 2024, driven by net purchase activity of available-for-sale securities. Average investment securities represented 28% of average interest-earning assets for both the first quarter of 2025 and the fourth quarter of 2024, compared to 26% for the first quarter of 2024.

Average loans decreased $2.4 billion, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024 and $4.0 billion, compared to the first three months of 2024. In both comparisons the decrease was primarily due to lower commercial real estate loans. Average loans represented 63% of average interest-earning assets for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 62% for the fourth quarter of 2024 and 63% for the first quarter of 2024.

Average interest-earning deposits with banks for the first quarter of 2025 decreased $3.3 billion, or 9%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024 and $13.6 billion, or 28%, compared to the first quarter of 2024, primarily due to lower brokered time deposits and borrowed funds outstanding.

Average interest-bearing deposits for the first quarter of 2025 were stable compared to the fourth quarter of 2024. Compared to the same period in 2024, average interest-bearing deposits increased $7.0 billion, or 2%, as higher commercial and consumer deposits were partially offset by lower brokered time deposits. In total, average interest-bearing deposits represented 84% of average interest-bearing liabilities for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 83% for the fourth quarter of 2024 and 81% for the first quarter of 2024.

Average borrowed funds decreased $2.7 billion, or 4%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, and $11.1 billion, or 15%, compared to the first quarter of 2024. In both comparisons, the decrease was driven by lower FHLB advances, partially offset by higher parent company senior debt issuances.

Further details regarding average loans and deposits are included in the Business Segments Review section of this Financial Review.

Noninterest Income

Table 4: Noninterest Income

						Three months ended																											Three months ended
						March 31						December 31						Change															March 31						March 31						Change
Dollars in millions						2025						2024						$						%									2025						2024						$						%
Noninterest income
Asset management and brokerage						$	391					$	374					$	17					5		%							$	391					$	364					$	27					7		%
Capital markets and advisory						306						348						(42)						(12)		%							306						259						47						18		%
Card and cash management						692						695						(3)						—		%							692						671						21						3		%
Lending and deposit services						316						330						(14)						(4)		%							316						305						11						4		%
Residential and commercial mortgage						134						122						12						10		%							134						147						(13)						(9)		%
Other						137						175						(38)						(22)		%							137						135						2						1		%
Total noninterest income						$	1,976					$	2,044					$	(68)					(3)		%							$	1,976					$	1,881					$	95					5		%

Noninterest income as a percentage of total revenue was 36% for the first quarter of 2025 compared to 37% for both the fourth and first quarters of 2024.

Asset management and brokerage fees increased compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, driven by higher brokerage client activity and positive net flows. The increase compared to the first quarter of 2024 reflected the impact of higher average equity markets. PNC’s

6    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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discretionary client assets under management of $210 billion at March 31, 2025 were stable compared to $211 billion at December 31, 2024, and increased from $195 billion at March 31, 2024. Compared to March 31, 2024, the increase included the impact from higher spot equity markets.

Capital markets and advisory fees decreased compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, primarily due to lower merger and acquisition advisory activity and a decline in trading revenue. The increase compared to the first quarter of 2024 was primarily due to higher merger and acquisition advisory activity and increased trading revenue, partially offset by lower underwriting fees.

Card and cash management revenue decreased compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, as higher treasury management revenue was more than offset by seasonally lower consumer spending. The increase compared to the first three months of 2024 was primarily due to higher treasury management product revenue.

Lending and deposit services decreased compared to the fourth quarter of 2024 and included seasonally lower customer activity. The increase compared to the first quarter of 2024 reflected increased customer activity.

Residential and commercial mortgage increased compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, driven by higher results from residential mortgage rights valuation, net of economic hedge. The decrease compared to the first three months of 2024 was due to lower residential mortgage banking revenue.

Other noninterest income decreased compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, largely due to negative $40 million of Visa derivative adjustments primarily related to litigation escrow funding. Compared to the first three months of 2024, other noninterest income increased driven by higher private equity revenue, partially offset by higher negative Visa derivative adjustments. Visa derivative adjustments were negative $23 million in the fourth quarter of 2024 and negative $7 million in the first quarter of 2024.

Noninterest Expense

Table 5: Noninterest Expense

						Three months ended																								Three months ended
						March 31						December 31						Change												March 31						March 31						Change
Dollars in millions						2025						2024						$						%						2025						2024						$						%
Noninterest expense
Personnel						$	1,890					$	1,857					$	33					2		%				$	1,890					$	1,794					$	96					5		%
Occupancy						245						240						5						2		%				245						244						1						—		%
Equipment						384						473						(89)						(19)		%				384						341						43						13		%
Marketing						85						112						(27)						(24)		%				85						64						21						33		%
Other						783						824						(41)						(5)		%				783						891						(108)						(12)		%
Total noninterest expense						$	3,387					$	3,506					$	(119)					(3)		%				$	3,387					$	3,334					$	53					2		%

 

Noninterest expense decreased compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, reflecting asset impairments recognized in the fourth quarter of $97 million as well as seasonally lower other noninterest expense and marketing. Noninterest expense increased compared to the first three months of 2024 as a result of increased business activity, technology investments and higher marketing spend. The first quarter of 2024 included a pre-tax expense of $130 million related to the FDIC’s special assessment.

Effective Income Tax Rate

The effective income tax rate was 18.8% in the first quarter of 2025, 14.6% for the fourth quarter of 2024 and 18.8% in the first quarter of 2024. The fourth quarter of 2024 included a benefit from the resolution of certain tax matters.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 7  

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Provision For Credit Losses

Table 6: Provision for (Recapture of) Credit Losses

						Three months ended																		Three months ended
						March 31						December 31						Change						March 31			March 31			Change
Dollars in millions						2025						2024						$						2025			2024			$
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses
Loans and leases						$	260					$	155					$	105					$	260		$	147		$	113
Unfunded lending related commitments						(46)						(5)						(41)						(46)			9			(55)
Investment securities						3						—						3						3			1			2
Other financial assets						2						6						(4)						2			(2)			4
Total provision for credit losses						$	219					$	156					$	63					$	219		$	155		$	64

The provision for credit losses for the first quarter of 2025 was driven by net charge-offs, primarily in our commercial and industrial and credit card loan classes, and a net increase in the ACL due to changes in macroeconomic factors and portfolio activity.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET REVIEW

The summarized balance sheet data in Table 7 is based upon our Consolidated Balance Sheet in Item 1 of this Report.

Table 7: Summarized Balance Sheet Data

			March 31						December 31						Change
Dollars in millions			2025						2024						$			%
Assets
Interest-earning deposits with banks			$	32,298					$	39,347					$	(7,049)		(18)		%
Loans held for sale			1,236						850						386			45		%
Investment securities			137,775						139,732						(1,957)			(1)		%
Loans			318,850						316,467						2,383			1		%
Allowance for loan and lease losses			(4,544)						(4,486)						(58)			(1)		%
Mortgage servicing rights			3,564						3,711						(147)			(4)		%
Goodwill			10,932						10,932						—			—		%
Other			54,611						53,485						1,126			2		%
Total assets			$	554,722					$	560,038					$	(5,316)		(1)		%
Liabilities
Deposits			$	422,915					$	426,738					$	(3,823)		(1)		%
Borrowed funds			60,722						61,673						(951)			(2)		%
Allowance for unfunded lending related commitments			674						719						(45)			(6)		%
Other			13,960						16,439						(2,479)			(15)		%
Total liabilities			498,271						505,569						(7,298)			(1)		%
Equity
Total shareholders’ equity			56,405						54,425						1,980			4		%
Noncontrolling interests			46						44						2			5		%
Total equity			56,451						54,469						1,982			4		%
Total liabilities and equity			$	554,722					$	560,038					$	(5,316)		(1)		%

Our balance sheet was well positioned at March 31, 2025. In comparison to December 31, 2024:

•Total assets decreased reflecting lower balances held with the FRB and lower securities balances, partially offset by higher loans outstanding.

•Total liabilities decreased primarily due to lower deposits.

•Total equity increased due to the benefit of net income and an improvement in AOCI, partially offset by dividends paid and common shares repurchased.

The following discussion provides additional information about the major components of our balance sheet. Information regarding our ACL related to loans is included in the Credit Risk Management section and Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements section of this Financial Review and in Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses. Information regarding our capital and regulatory compliance is included in the Liquidity and Capital Management portion of the Risk Management section in this Financial Review and in Note 19 Regulatory Matters in our 2024 Form 10-K.

8    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Loans

Table 8: Loans

			March 31						December 31						Change
Dollars in millions			2025						2024						$			%
Commercial
Commercial and industrial			$	180,537					$	175,790					$	4,747		3		%
Commercial real estate			32,307						33,619						(1,312)			(4)		%
Equipment lease financing			6,732						6,755						(23)			—		%
Total commercial			219,576						216,164						3,412			2		%
Consumer
Residential real estate			45,890						46,415						(525)			(1)		%
Home equity			25,846						25,991						(145)			(1)		%
Automobile			15,324						15,355						(31)			—		%
Credit card			6,550						6,879						(329)			(5)		%
Education			1,597						1,636						(39)			(2)		%
Other consumer			4,067						4,027						40			1		%
Total consumer			99,274						100,303						(1,029)			(1)		%
Total loans			$	318,850					$	316,467					$	2,383		1		%

Commercial loans increased due to higher utilization of loan commitments and new production within the commercial and industrial portfolio, partially offset by lower commercial real estate loans.

Consumer loans decreased primarily due to lower residential real estate loans, as paydowns outpaced originations.

For additional information regarding our loan portfolio see the Credit Risk Management portion of the Risk Management section in this Financial Review and Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses.

Investment Securities

Total investment securities of $137.8 billion at March 31, 2025 decreased $2.0 billion, or 1%, compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to prepayments and maturities of both available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities outpacing purchases of available-for-sale securities.

The level and composition of the investment securities portfolio fluctuates over time based on many factors, including market conditions, loan and deposit growth and balance sheet management activities. We manage our investment securities portfolio to optimize returns, while providing a reliable source of liquidity for our banking and other activities, considering the LCR, NSFR and other internal and external guidelines and constraints.

Table 9: Investment Securities (a)

			March 31, 2025												December 31, 2024
Dollars in millions			Amortized Cost (b)						Fair Value						Amortized Cost (b)						Fair Value
U.S. Treasury and government agencies			$	52,543					$	51,689					$	53,382					$	52,075
Agency residential mortgage-backed			72,535						67,197						73,760						67,117
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed			725						816						744						822
Agency commercial mortgage-backed			3,470						3,368						3,032						2,875
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed (c)			1,257						1,248						1,542						1,523
Asset-backed (d)			5,215						5,285						5,733						5,793
Other (e)			4,736						4,641						4,998						4,892
Total investment securities (f)			$	140,481					$	134,244					$	143,191					$	135,097

(a)Of our total securities portfolio, 97% were rated AAA/AA at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

(b)Amortized cost is presented net of the allowance for investment securities, which totaled $68 million at March 31, 2025 and primarily related to non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities. The comparable amount at December 31, 2024 was $91 million.

(c)Collateralized primarily by multifamily housing, office buildings, retail properties, lodging properties and industrial properties.

(d)Collateralized primarily by consumer credit products, corporate debt and government guaranteed education loans.

(e)Includes state and municipal securities and corporate bonds.

(f)Includes available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities, which are recorded on our balance sheet at fair value and amortized cost, respectively.

Table 9 presents our investment securities portfolio by amortized cost and fair value. The difference between fair value and amortized cost at March 31, 2025 primarily reflected the impact of higher interest rates on the valuation of fixed-rate securities. We continually

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 9  

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monitor the credit risk in our portfolio and maintain the allowance for investment securities at an appropriate level to absorb expected credit losses on our investment securities portfolio for the remaining contractual term of the securities adjusted for expected prepayments. See Note 2 Investment Securities for additional details regarding the allowance for investment securities.

The duration of investment securities was 3.4 years and 3.5 years at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. We estimate that at March 31, 2025 the effective duration of investment securities was 3.4 years for an immediate 50 basis points parallel increase in interest rates and 3.4 years for an immediate 50 basis points parallel decrease in interest rates. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 for the effective duration of investment securities were 3.4 years and 3.5 years, respectively.

Based on expected prepayment speeds, the weighted-average expected maturity of the investment securities portfolio was 5.2 years and 5.3 years at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Table 10: Weighted-Average Expected Maturities of Mortgage and Asset-Backed Debt Securities

March 31, 2025			Years
Agency residential mortgage-backed			6.6
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed			10.2
Agency commercial mortgage-backed			3.7
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed			0.6
Asset-backed			2.2

Additional information regarding our investment securities portfolio is included in Note 2 Investment Securities and Note 11 Fair Value.

Funding Sources

Table 11: Details of Funding Sources

			March 31						December 31						Change
Dollars in millions			2025						2024						$			%
Deposits
Noninterest-bearing			$	92,369					$	92,641					$	(272)		—		%
Interest-bearing
Money market			71,655						73,801						(2,146)			(3)		%
Demand			126,829						128,810						(1,981)			(2)		%
Savings			98,596						97,147						1,449			1		%
Time deposits (a)			33,466						34,339						(873)			(3)		%
Total interest-bearing deposits			330,546						334,097						(3,551)			(1)		%
Total deposits			422,915						426,738						(3,823)			(1)		%
Borrowed funds
Federal Home Loan Bank advances			18,000						22,000						(4,000)			(18)		%
Senior debt			34,987						32,497						2,490			8		%
Subordinated debt			4,163						4,104						59			1		%
Other			3,572						3,072						500			16		%
Total borrowed funds			60,722						61,673						(951)			(2)		%
Total funding sources			$	483,637					$	488,411					$	(4,774)		(1)		%

(a) Includes $1.2 billion of certain brokered time deposits accounted for under the fair value option at March 31, 2025.

Deposits are considered an attractive source of funding due to their stability and relatively low cost to fund. Compared to December 31, 2024, both deposits and borrowed funds declined.

Total deposits decreased primarily due to lower interest-bearing deposits. The decrease in interest-bearing deposits was driven by lower commercial balances, partially offset by higher consumer balances. This shift in deposit composition contributed to a decrease in funding costs compared to the fourth quarter of 2024. Our total brokered deposit balances of $5.9 billion at March 31, 2025 decreased compared to $7.3 billion at December 31, 2024, and were significantly below both our internal and regulatory guidelines and limits.

Borrowed funds decreased due to lower FHLB advances, partially offset by parent company senior debt issuances in the first quarter of 2025.

The level and composition of borrowed funds fluctuates over time based on many factors, including market conditions, capital considerations, and funding needs, which are primarily driven by changes in loan, deposit and investment securities balances. While

10    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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our largest source of liquidity on a consolidated basis is the customer deposit base generated by our banking businesses, we also manage our borrowed funds to provide a reliable source of liquidity for our banking and other activities, considering our LCR and NSFR requirements and other internal and external guidelines and constraints. See the Liquidity and Capital Management portion of the Risk Management section in this Financial Review for additional information regarding our liquidity and capital activities. See Note 7 Borrowed Funds in this Report and Note 9 Borrowed Funds in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information related to our borrowings. See the Average Consolidated Balance Sheet and Net Interest Analysis section of this Financial Review for additional information on volume and related funding cost changes.

Shareholders’ Equity

Total shareholders’ equity of $56.4 billion at March 31, 2025 increased $2.0 billion, or 4%, compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to net income of $1.5 billion and an improvement in AOCI of $1.3 billion, partially offset by dividends paid of $0.6 billion and $0.2 billion of common share repurchases.

BUSINESS SEGMENTS REVIEW

We have three reportable business segments: Retail Banking, Corporate & Institutional Banking and the Asset Management Group. Our reportable business segments are defined by the nature of products and services, types of customers, methods used to distribute products or provide services and similar financial performance.

Total business segment financial results differ from our consolidated reporting due to the remaining corporate operations, or other activities, that do not meet the criteria for disclosure as a separate reportable business. These other activities include residual activities such as asset and liability management activities including net securities gains or losses, ACL for investment securities, certain trading activities, certain runoff consumer loan portfolios, private equity investments, intercompany eliminations, corporate overhead net of allocations, tax adjustments that are not allocated to business segments, exited businesses and the residual impact from FTP operations. See Table 80 in Note 14 Segment Reporting for additional information.

Certain amounts included in this Business Segments Review differ from those amounts shown in Note 14, primarily due to the presentation in this Financial Review of business net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis.

See Note 14 Segment Reporting for additional information on our business segments, including a description of each business.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 11  

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Retail Banking

Retail Banking’s core strategy is to build lifelong, primary relationships by creating a sense of financial well-being and ease for our clients. Over time, we seek to deepen those relationships by meeting the broad range of our clients’ financial needs across savings, liquidity, lending, payments, investment and retirement solutions. We work to deliver these solutions in the most seamless and efficient way possible, meeting our customers where they are - whether in a branch, through digital channels, at an ATM or through our phone-based customer contact centers - while continuously optimizing the cost to sell and service. We believe that, over time, we can grow our customer base, enhance the breadth and depth of our client relationships and improve our efficiency through differentiated products and leading digital channels.

Table 12: Retail Banking Table

(Unaudited)
Three months ended March 31															Change
Dollars in millions, except as noted			2025						2024						$			%
Income Statement
Net interest income			$	2,826					$	2,617					$	209		8		%
Noninterest income			706						764						(58)			(8)		%
Total revenue			3,532						3,381						151			4		%
Provision for credit losses			168						118						50			42		%
Noninterest expense
Personnel			548						551						(3)			(1)		%
Segment allocations (a)			938						894						44			5		%
Depreciation and amortization			89						79						10			13		%
Other (b)			328						313						15			5		%
Total noninterest expense			1,903						1,837						66			4		%
Pretax earnings			1,461						1,426						35			2		%
Income taxes			340						333						7			2		%
Noncontrolling interests			9						8						1			13		%
Earnings			$	1,112					$	1,085					$	27		2		%
Average Balance Sheet
Loans held for sale			$	860					$	478					$	382		80		%
Loans
Consumer
Residential real estate			$	33,169					$	34,600					$	(1,431)		(4)		%
Home equity			24,358						24,462						(104)			—		%
Automobile			15,240						14,839						401			3		%
Credit card			6,568						6,930						(362)			(5)		%
Education			1,637						1,933						(296)			(15)		%
Other consumer			1,754						1,771						(17)			(1)		%
Total consumer			82,726						84,535						(1,809)			(2)		%
Commercial			12,840						12,620						220			2		%
Total loans			$	95,566					$	97,155					$	(1,589)		(2)		%
Total assets			$	112,971					$	114,199					$	(1,228)		(1)		%
Deposits
Noninterest-bearing			$	51,229					$	53,395					$	(2,166)		(4)		%
Interest-bearing			193,832						195,615						(1,783)			(1)		%
Total deposits			$	245,061					$	249,010					$	(3,949)		(2)		%
Performance Ratios
Return on average assets			3.99		%				3.85		%
Noninterest income to total revenue			20		%				23		%
Efficiency			54		%				54		%
Supplemental Noninterest Income Information
Asset management and brokerage			$	152					$	137					$	15		11		%
Card and cash management			$	296					$	306					$	(10)		(3)		%
Lending and deposit services			$	184					$	178					$	6		3		%
Residential and commercial mortgage			$	65					$	97					$	(32)		(33)		%

12    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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(Continued from previous page)

At or for three months ended March 31															Change
Dollars in millions, except as noted			2025						2024						$			%
Residential Mortgage Information
Residential mortgage servicing statistics (in billions, except as noted) (c)
Serviced portfolio balance (d)			$	193					$	207					$	(14)		(7)		%
MSR asset value (d)			$	2.5					$	2.7					$	(0.2)		(7)		%
Servicing income: (in millions)
Servicing fees, net (e)			$	71					$	82					$	(11)		(13)		%
Mortgage servicing rights valuation, net of economic hedge			$	(4)					$	(6)					$	2		33		%
Residential mortgage loan statistics
Loan origination volume (in billions)			$	1.0					$	1.3					$	(0.3)		(23)		%
Loan sale margin percentage			0.58		%				2.53		%
Other Information
Credit-related statistics
Nonperforming assets (d)			$	804					$	841					$	(37)		(4)		%
Net charge-offs - loans and leases			$	144					$	139					$	5		4		%
Other statistics
Branches (d) (f)			2,217						2,271						(54)			(2)		%
Brokerage account client assets (in billions) (d) (g)			$	84					$	81					$	3		4		%

(a)Represents expense allocations for corporate overhead services used by each business segment; primarily comprised of technology, human resources and occupancy-related allocations.

(b)Other is primarily comprised of other direct expenses including outside services and equipment expense.

(c)Represents mortgage loan servicing balances for third parties and the related income.

(d)As of March 31.

(e)Servicing fees net of impact of decrease in MSR value due to passage of time, which includes the impact from regularly scheduled loan principal payments, prepayments and loans paid off during the period.

(f)Reflects all branches excluding standalone mortgage offices and satellite offices (e.g., drive-ups, electronic branches and retirement centers) that provide limited products and/or services.

(g)Includes cash and money market balances.

Retail Banking earnings for the first three months of 2025 increased $27 million compared to the same period in 2024 as a result of higher net interest income, offset by higher noninterest expense, lower noninterest income and higher provision for credit losses.

Net interest income increased in the comparison primarily due to wider interest rate spreads on the value of deposits, partially offset by declines in average deposit and loan balances.

Noninterest income decreased in the comparison due to lower residential mortgage revenue and higher negative Visa derivative adjustments primarily related to litigation escrow funding.

Provision for credit losses for the first three months of 2025 was driven by net charge-offs and changes in the ACL due to macroeconomic factors and portfolio activity.

Noninterest expense increased in the comparison due to technology investments, higher marketing spend and increased customer activity.

Retail Banking average total loans decreased in the first three months of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. Average consumer loans decreased driven by lower residential real estate, as a result of paydowns outpacing new volume, lower credit card loan balances, and continued declines in education loans from runoff in the government guaranteed portfolio. Average commercial loans increased due to higher loan commitment utilization, primarily within the automobile dealer segment.

Our focus on growing primary customer relationships is at the core of our deposit strategy in Retail, which is based on attracting and retaining stable, low-cost deposits as a key funding source for PNC. We have taken a disciplined approach to pricing, focused on retaining relationship-based balances and executing on targeted deposit growth and retention strategies aimed at more rate-sensitive customers. Our goal with regard to deposits is to optimize balances, economics and long-term customer growth. In the first three months of 2025, average total deposits decreased compared to the same period in 2024, and included lower brokered time deposits.

Retail Banking continues to enhance the customer experience with refinements to product and service offerings that drive value for consumers and small businesses. As part of our strategic focus on growing customers and meeting their financial needs, we operate and continue to optimize a coast-to-coast network of retail branches, solution centers and ATMs, which are complemented by PNC’s suite of digital capabilities. In 2024, PNC announced it would be investing approximately $1.5 billion, over the next five years, to open more than 200 new branches in key locations, including Atlanta, Austin, Charlotte, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Miami, Orlando, Phoenix, Raleigh, San Antonio, and Tampa, while completing renovations of 1,400 existing locations across the country during the same time period to enhance the customer experience.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 13  

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Corporate & Institutional Banking

Corporate & Institutional Banking’s strategy is to be the leading relationship-based provider of traditional banking products and services to its customers through the economic cycles. We aim to grow our market share and drive higher returns by delivering value-added solutions that help our clients better run their organizations, all while maintaining prudent risk and expense management. We continue to focus on building client relationships where the risk-return profile is attractive. We are a coast-to-coast franchise and our full suite of commercial products and services is offered nationally.

Table 13: Corporate & Institutional Banking Table

(Unaudited)
Three months ended March 31															Change
Dollars in millions, except as noted			2025						2024						$			%
Income Statement
Net interest income			$	1,652					$	1,549					$	103		7		%
Noninterest income			978						888						90			10		%
Total revenue			2,630						2,437						193			8		%
Provision for credit losses			49						47						2			4		%
Noninterest expense
Personnel			376						366						10			3		%
Segment allocations (a)			383						366						17			5		%
Depreciation and amortization			51						50						1			2		%
Other (b)			146						140						6			4		%
Total noninterest expense			956						922						34			4		%
Pretax earnings			1,625						1,468						157			11		%
Income taxes			377						342						35			10		%
Noncontrolling interests			4						5						(1)			(20)		%
Earnings			$	1,244					$	1,121					$	123		11		%
Average Balance Sheet
Loans held for sale			$	255					$	151					$	104		69		%
Loans
Commercial
Commercial and industrial			$	163,379					$	163,326					$	53		—		%
Commercial real estate			32,151						34,420						(2,269)			(7)		%
Equipment lease financing			6,692						6,467						225			3		%
Total commercial			202,222						204,213						(1,991)			(1)		%
Consumer			3						3						—			—		%
Total loans			$	202,225					$	204,216					$	(1,991)		(1)		%
Total assets			$	227,069					$	228,698					$	(1,629)		(1)		%
Deposits
Noninterest-bearing			$	39,501					$	43,854					$	(4,353)		(10)		%
Interest-bearing			108,503						98,841						9,662			10		%
Total deposits			$	148,004					$	142,695					$	5,309		4		%
Performance Ratios
Return on average assets			2.22		%				1.99		%
Noninterest income to total revenue			37		%				36		%
Efficiency			36		%				38		%

14    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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(Continued from previous page)

(Unaudited)
Three months ended March 31															Change
Dollars in millions, except as noted			2025						2024						$			%
Other Information
Consolidated revenue from: (c)
Treasury Management (d)			$	1,049					$	936					$	113		12		%
Commercial mortgage banking activities:
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale (e)			$	26					$	10					$	16		160		%
Commercial mortgage loan servicing income (f)			94						67						27			40		%
Commercial mortgage servicing rights valuation, net of economic hedge			39						37						2			5		%
Total			$	159					$	114					$	45		39		%
Commercial mortgage servicing statistics
Serviced portfolio balance (in billions) (g) (h)			$	294					$	287					$	7		2		%
MSR asset value (g)			$	1,041					$	1,075					$	(34)		(3)		%
Average loans by C&IB business
Corporate Banking			$	117,659					$	116,845					$	814		1		%
Real Estate			43,283						46,608						(3,325)			(7)		%
Business Credit			30,044						28,929						1,115			4		%
Commercial Banking			7,343						7,546						(203)			(3)		%
Other			3,896						4,288						(392)			(9)		%
Total average loans			$	202,225					$	204,216					$	(1,991)		(1)		%
Credit-related statistics
Nonperforming assets (g)			$	1,372					$	1,419					$	(47)		(3)		%
Net charge-offs - loans and leases			$	64					$	108					$	(44)		(41)		%

(a)Represents expense allocations for corporate overhead services used by each business segment; primarily comprised of technology, human resources and occupancy-related allocations.

(b)Other is primarily comprised of other direct expenses including outside services and equipment expense.

(c)See the additional revenue discussion regarding treasury management and commercial mortgage banking activities in the Product Revenue section of this Corporate & Institutional Banking section.

(d)Amounts are reported in net interest income and noninterest income.

(e)Represents commercial mortgage banking income for valuations on commercial mortgage loans held for sale and related commitments, derivative valuations, origination fees, gains on sale of loans held for sale and net interest income on loans held for sale.

(f)Represents net interest income and noninterest income from loan servicing, net of reduction in commercial mortgage servicing rights due to time and payoffs. Commercial mortgage servicing rights valuation, net of economic hedge is shown separately.

(g)As of March 31.

(h)Represents balances related to capitalized servicing.

Corporate & Institutional Banking earnings in the first three months of 2025 increased $123 million compared to the same period in 2024 driven by higher revenue, partially offset by higher noninterest expense.

Net interest income increased in the comparison primarily due to wider interest rate spreads on the value of deposits and higher average deposit balances, partially offset by lower average loan balances.

Noninterest income increased in the comparison primarily due to higher merger and acquisition advisory activity and growth in treasury management product revenue.

Provision for credit losses for the first three months of 2025 was driven by net charge-offs and changes in the ACL due to macroeconomic factors and portfolio activity.

Noninterest expense increased in the comparison largely due to continued investments to support business growth and higher variable compensation associated with increased business activity.

Average total loans decreased compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024:

•Corporate Banking provides lending, equipment finance, treasury management and capital markets products and services to

mid-sized and large corporations, and government and not-for-profit entities. Average loans for this business increased reflecting new production that was partially offset by lower average utilization of loan commitments.

•Real Estate provides banking, financing and servicing solutions for commercial real estate clients across the country. Average loans for this business declined largely due to paydowns outpacing new production.

•Business Credit provides asset-based lending and equipment financing solutions. The loan and lease portfolio is mainly secured by business assets. Average loans for this business increased reflecting a higher average utilization of loan commitments and new production.

•Commercial Banking provides lending, treasury management and capital markets products and services to smaller corporations and businesses. Average loans for this business declined driven by paydowns outpacing new production.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 15  

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The deposit strategy of Corporate & Institutional Banking is to remain disciplined on pricing and focused on growing and retaining relationship-based balances over time, executing on customer and segment-specific deposit growth strategies and continuing to provide funding and liquidity to PNC. Average total deposits increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, due to growth in interest-bearing deposits, partially offset by lower noninterest-bearing deposits. We continue to actively monitor the interest rate environment and make adjustments to our deposit strategy in response to evolving market conditions, bank funding needs and client relationship dynamics.

Product Revenue

In addition to credit and deposit products for commercial customers, Corporate & Institutional Banking offers other services, including treasury management, capital markets and advisory products and services and commercial mortgage banking activities, for customers of all business segments. On a consolidated basis, the revenue from these other services is included in net interest income and noninterest income, as appropriate. From a business perspective, the majority of the revenue and expense related to these services is reflected in the Corporate & Institutional Banking segment results, and the remainder is reflected in the results of other businesses where the customer relationships exist. The Other Information section in Table 13 includes the consolidated revenue to PNC for treasury management and commercial mortgage banking services. A discussion of the consolidated revenue from these services follows.

The Treasury Management business provides corporations with cash and investment management services, receivables and disbursement management services, funds transfer services, international payment services and access to online/mobile information management and reporting services. Treasury management revenue is reported in noninterest income and net interest income. Noninterest income includes treasury management product revenue less earnings credits provided to customers on compensating deposit balances used to pay for products and services. Net interest income includes funding credit from all treasury management customer deposit balances. Compared to the first three months of 2024, treasury management revenue increased due to wider interest rate spreads on the value of deposits, higher average deposit balances and higher product revenue.

Commercial mortgage banking activities include revenue derived from commercial mortgage servicing (both net interest income and

noninterest income), revenue derived from commercial mortgage loans held for sale and hedges related to those activities. Total

revenue from commercial mortgage banking activities increased in the comparison primarily due to higher commercial mortgage loan servicing income and revenue from commercial mortgage loans held for sale.

Capital markets and advisory includes services and activities primarily related to merger and acquisition advisory, equity capital markets advisory, asset-backed financing, loan syndication, securities underwriting and customer-related trading. The increase in capital markets and advisory fees in the comparison was largely driven by higher merger and acquisition advisory fees and loan syndication fees, partially offset by lower underwriting fees.

16    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Asset Management Group

The Asset Management Group strives to be a leading relationship-based provider of investment, planning, credit and cash management solutions and fiduciary services to affluent individuals and institutions by endeavoring to proactively deliver value-added ideas, solutions and exceptional service. The Asset Management Group’s priorities are to serve our clients’ financial objectives, grow and deepen customer relationships and deliver solid financial performance with prudent risk and expense management.

Table 14: Asset Management Group Table

(Unaudited)
Three months ended March 31															Change
Dollars in millions, except as noted			2025						2024						$			%
Income Statement
Net interest income			$	184					$	157					$	27		17		%
Noninterest income			243						230						13			6		%
Total revenue			427						387						40			10		%
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses			1						(5)						6			*
Noninterest expense
Personnel			121						121						—			—		%
Segment allocations (a)			117						107						10			9		%
Depreciation and amortization			8						7						1			14		%
Other (b)			33						30						3			10		%
Total noninterest expense			279						265						14			5		%
Pretax earnings			147						127						20			16		%
Income taxes			34						30						4			13		%
Earnings			$	113					$	97					$	16		16		%
Average Balance Sheet
Loans
Consumer
Residential real estate			$	11,935					$	11,688					$	247		2		%
Other consumer			3,663						3,758						(95)			(3)		%
Total consumer			15,598						15,446						152			1		%
Commercial			658						849						(191)			(22)		%
Total loans			$	16,256					$	16,295					$	(39)		—		%
Total assets			$	16,702					$	16,728					$	(26)		—		%
Deposits
Noninterest-bearing			$	1,618					$	1,617					$	1		—		%
Interest-bearing			26,501						27,064						(563)			(2)		%
Total deposits			$	28,119					$	28,681					$	(562)		(2)		%
Performance Ratios
Return on average assets			2.74		%				2.35		%
Noninterest income to total revenue			57		%				59		%
Efficiency			65		%				68		%
Other Information (c) (d)
Nonperforming assets			$	36					$	28					$	8		29		%
Client Assets Under Administration (in billions) (c) (e)
Discretionary client assets under management
PNC Private Bank			$	127					$	124					$	3		2		%
Institutional Asset Management			83						71						12			17		%
Total discretionary clients assets under management			210						195						15			8		%
Nondiscretionary client assets under administration			201						199						2			1		%
Total			$	411					$	394					$	17		4		%

*- Not Meaningful

(a)Represents expense allocations for corporate overhead services used by each business segment; primarily comprised of technology, human resources and occupancy-related allocations.

(b)Other is primarily comprised of other direct expenses including outside services and equipment expense.

(c)As of March 31.

(d)Net charge-offs - loans and leases were less than $0.5 million for the periods presented.

(e)Excludes brokerage account client assets. 

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 17  

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The Asset Management Group consists of two primary businesses: PNC Private Bank and Institutional Asset Management.

The PNC Private Bank is focused on being a premier private bank in each of the markets it serves. This business seeks to deliver high quality banking, trust and investment management services to our emerging affluent, high net worth and ultra-high net worth clients through a broad array of products and services.

Institutional Asset Management provides outsourced chief investment officer, custody, cash and fixed income client solutions, and retirement plan fiduciary investment services to institutional clients, including corporations, healthcare systems, insurance companies, municipalities and non-profits.

Asset Management Group earnings in the first three months of 2025 increased $16 million compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven by higher revenue, partially offset by higher noninterest expense.

Net interest income increased in the comparison primarily due to wider interest rate spreads on the value of deposits, partially offset by a decline in average deposit balances.

Noninterest income increased in the comparison primarily driven by higher average equity markets.

Noninterest expense increased in the comparison and included increased technology investments.

Average total loans were stable compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Average total deposits decreased in the comparison driven by lower interest-bearing deposits.

Discretionary client assets under management increased in the comparison and included the impact from higher spot equity markets as of March 31, 2025.

RISK MANAGEMENT

The Risk Management section included in Item 7 of our 2024 Form 10-K describes our enterprise risk management framework, including risk culture, enterprise strategy, risk governance and oversight framework, risk identification, risk assessments, risk controls and monitoring, and risk aggregation and reporting. Additionally, our 2024 Form 10-K provides an analysis of the firm’s Capital Management and our key areas of risk, which include, but are not limited to, Credit, Market, Liquidity and Operational (including Compliance and Information Security).

18    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Credit Risk Management

Credit risk, including our credit risk management processes, is described in further detail in the Credit Risk Management section of our 2024 Form 10-K. The following provides additional information around our loan portfolio, which is our most significant concentration of credit risk.

Loan Portfolio Characteristics and Analysis

Table 15: Details of Loans

In billions

We use several credit quality indicators, as further detailed in Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses, to monitor and measure our exposure to credit risk within our loan portfolio. The following provides additional information about the significant loan classes that comprise our Commercial and Consumer portfolio segments.

Commercial

Commercial and Industrial

Commercial and industrial loans comprised 57% and 56% of our total loan portfolio at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The majority of our commercial and industrial loans are secured by collateral that provides a secondary source of repayment should a borrower experience cash generation difficulties. Examples of this collateral include short-term assets, such as accounts receivable, inventory and securities, and long-lived assets, such as equipment, owner-occupied real estate and other business assets.

We actively manage our commercial and industrial loans to assess any changes (both positive and negative) in the level of credit risk at both the borrower and portfolio level. To evaluate the level of credit risk, we assign internal risk ratings reflecting our estimates of the borrower’s PD and LGD for each related credit facility. This two-dimensional credit risk rating methodology provides granularity in the risk monitoring process and is updated on an ongoing basis through our credit risk management processes. In addition to monitoring the level of credit risk, we also monitor concentrations of credit risk pertaining to both specific industries and geographies that may exist in our portfolio. Our commercial and industrial portfolio is well-diversified across industries as shown in the following table (based on the North American Industry Classification System).

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 19  

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Table 16: Commercial and Industrial Loans by Industry

			March 31, 2025															December 31, 2024
Dollars in millions			Amount						% of Total									Amount						% of Total
Commercial and industrial
Financial services			$	29,335					16		%							$	27,737					16		%
Manufacturing			28,934						16									27,700						16
Service providers			22,943						13									21,881						12
Wholesale trade			19,176						11									18,399						10
Real estate related (a)			15,041						8									14,910						8
Retail trade			11,941						7									11,611						7
Technology, media and telecommunications			9,998						6									9,767						6
Health care			9,903						5									9,694						6
Transportation and warehousing			7,147						4									7,320						4
Other industries			26,119						14									26,771						15
Total commercial and industrial loans			$	180,537					100		%							$	175,790					100		%

(a)    Represents loans to customers in the real estate and construction industries.

Owner occupied commercial real estate loans totaled $9.3 billion and $9.2 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. These loans are categorized as commercial and industrial as the credit decisioning is based on the financial conditions of the owner, not the ability of the collateral to generate income. Owner occupied commercial real estate loans are well-diversified across industries.

Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate loans of $32.3 billion as of March 31, 2025 comprised $18.7 billion related to commercial mortgages on income-producing properties, $8.9 billion of intermediate-term financing loans and $4.7 billion of real estate construction project loans. At December 31, 2024, comparable amounts were $33.6 billion, $19.3 billion, $8.6 billion and $5.7 billion, respectively. Commercial real estate primarily consists of an investment in land and/or buildings held to generate income, which serves as the primary source for the repayment of the loan. However, the disposition of the assigned collateral serves as a secondary source of repayment for the loan should the borrower experience cash generation difficulties.

We monitor credit risk associated with our commercial real estate loans similar to commercial and industrial loans by analyzing PD and LGD. Additionally, risks associated with commercial real estate loans tend to be correlated to the loan structure, collateral location and quality, project progress and business environment. These attributes are also monitored and utilized in assessing credit risk. The portfolio is geographically diverse due to the nature of our business involving clients throughout the U.S.

20    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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The following table presents our commercial real estate loans by geography and property type:

Table 17: Commercial Real Estate Loans by Geography and Property Type

			March 31, 2025															December 31, 2024
Dollars in millions			Amount						% of Total									Amount						% of Total
Geography (a)
California			$	5,682					18		%							$	5,675					17		%
Florida			3,653						11									3,807						11
Texas			3,480						11									3,763						11
Virginia			1,462						5									1,476						4
Arizona			1,427						4									1,438						4
North Carolina			1,162						4									1,150						3
Pennsylvania			1,149						4									1,213						4
Illinois			1,145						4									1,090						3
Nevada			1,128						3									1,043						3
Maryland			1,061						3									1,169						3
Other			10,958						33									11,795						37
Total commercial real estate loans			$	32,307					100		%							$	33,619					100		%
Property Type (a)
Multifamily			$	16,010					50		%							$	16,089					48		%
Office			6,295						19									6,707						20
Industrial/warehouse			3,571						11									3,911						12
Retail			1,961						6									2,090						6
Hotel/motel			1,557						5									1,567						5
Seniors housing			1,471						5									1,731						5
Other			1,442						4									1,524						4
Total commercial real estate loans			$	32,307					100		%							$	33,619					100		%

(a)    Presented in descending order based on loan balances at March 31, 2025.

Commercial Real Estate: Office Portfolio

Given the fundamental change in office demand, real estate performance related to the office sector continues to be an area of uncertainty. At March 31, 2025, our outstanding loan balances in the office portfolio totaled $6.3 billion, or 2.0% of total loans, while additional unfunded loan commitments totaled $0.2 billion. The portfolio is well diversified geographically across our coast-to-coast franchise. Within the office portfolio at March 31, 2025, criticized loans totaled 32.6% and nonperforming loans totaled 12.1%, while delinquencies were 0.0%. As measured at origination, the weighted average LTV for the office portfolio was 59.0%; however, for those loans that received appraisals after March 31, 2024, the weighted average LTV for those loans has increased to 81.5% as of March 31, 2025. Since April 1, 2024, PNC received updated appraisals for 48.4% of the outstanding balance in the office portfolio. While LTV is one consideration, our risk assessment considers a number of factors in assessing the changing conditions affecting the portfolio. As of March 31, 2025, we have established reserves of 13.4% against office loans.

The greatest stress in our office portfolio is observed in multi-tenant office loans, which represents 55.1% of the portfolio at March 31, 2025. Within the multi-tenant classification, criticized levels were 53.5% while nonperforming loans totaled 21.3%, accounting for almost all of the nonperforming office population. For multi-tenant office loans that received appraisals after March 31, 2024, the weighted average LTV for those loans was 85.2% at March 31, 2025. Since April 1, 2024, PNC received updated appraisals for 72.8% of the outstanding balance in the multi-tenant office portfolio. Additionally, commercial real estate charge-offs since the beginning of 2025 have primarily been multi-tenant office loans. Given the higher level of stress, this segment has a proportionally higher reserve rate of 18.7% as of March 31, 2025. The remaining 44.9% of the office portfolio is primarily comprised of single-tenant, medical and government tenant properties. These three tenant classifications are performing considerably better, with approximately 6.7% of the book in the criticized loan category and 0.7% in the nonperforming loan category. As of March 31, 2025, the weighted average LTV inclusive of both updated property values and origination-derived values of this book is 60.8%.

The office portfolio remains an elevated area of focus for portfolio management with internal risk ratings completed quarterly for each asset (except for medical office loans), accelerated reappraisal requirements and elevated approval levels for any credit action. Additionally, active management efforts include ongoing performance assessments as well as the review of property, lending and capital markets. Portfolio updates are distributed to senior management weekly. Collateral in the office portfolio is appraised by qualified, independent third-party state certified real estate appraisers. New loans or loans being evaluated for material extensions or modifications are required to be appraised. The frequency of reappraisals outside of a credit action is based on regulatory and internal requirements. Generally, for loans with heightened risk, a cadence has been established to obtain updated appraisals at least annually to aid in determining the timing and amount of a charge-off, if deemed necessary. Loans that do not demonstrate a heightened risk are

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 21  

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monitored through our ongoing management of the portfolio, including any need for a new appraisal. All appraisals are reviewed by independent qualified real estate valuation personnel. For existing office building loans, PNC employs the as-is market value from third-party appraisals to calculate LTV.

Given the ongoing uncertainty in this area, we expect additional stress in the office sector, and a portion of this stress will bear itself out as we work through maturities that will approximate 41.0% through the twelve months ended March 31, 2026. Upon maturity, and where the balance is not paid in full, an extension may be granted because contractual extension terms are met; alternatively, an extension may be granted based on negotiated terms, and a portion of these extensions may involve the curtailment or charge off of principal. We continue to actively manage the portfolio, and we believe reserve levels reflect the expected credit losses in the portfolio.

Commercial Real Estate: Multifamily Portfolio

As of March 31, 2025, our outstanding loan balances in the multifamily portfolio totaled $16.0 billion, or 5.0% of total loans, while additional unfunded loan commitments totaled $2.0 billion. Although inflationary pressures, higher interest rates and elevated supply in certain markets have impacted internal risk assessments and regulatory classification in this portfolio, we have not seen a notable change in loan performance at this time with regards to nonperformance, delinquency or charge-offs. Additionally, the portfolio is well diversified geographically across our coast-to-coast franchise. We continue to closely monitor our exposure in this sector.

Consumer

Residential Real Estate

Residential real estate loans primarily consisted of residential mortgage loans at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

We obtain loan attributes at origination, including FICO scores and LTVs, and we update these and other credit metrics at least quarterly. We track borrower performance monthly. We also segment the mortgage portfolio into pools based on product type (e.g., nonconforming or conforming). This information is used for internal reporting and risk management. As part of our overall risk analysis and monitoring, we also segment the portfolio based upon loan delinquency, nonperforming status, modification and bankruptcy status, FICO scores, LTV and geographic concentrations.

The following table presents certain key statistics related to our residential real estate portfolio:

Table 18: Residential Real Estate Loan Statistics

			March 31, 2025															December 31, 2024
Dollars in millions			Amount						% of Total									Amount						% of Total
Geography (a)
California			$	19,691					43		%							$	19,869					43		%
Texas			3,680						8									3,748						8
Washington			3,456						8									3,481						7
Florida			3,126						7									3,171						7
New Jersey			1,832						4									1,847						4
New York			1,470						3									1,493						3
Arizona			1,304						3									1,340						3
Pennsylvania			1,192						3									1,197						3
Colorado			1,125						2									1,139						2
North Carolina			951						2									963						2
Other			8,063						17									8,167						18
Total residential real estate loans			$	45,890					100		%							$	46,415					100		%
			March 31, 2025															December 31, 2024
Weighted-average loan origination statistics (b)
Loan origination FICO score									773															773
LTV of loan originations									72		%													73		%

(a)Presented in descending order based on loan balances at March 31, 2025.

(b)Weighted-averages calculated for the twelve months ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

We originate residential mortgage loans nationwide through our national mortgage business as well as within our branch network. Residential mortgage loans underwritten to agency standards, including conforming loan amount limits, are typically sold with servicing retained by us. We also originate nonconforming residential mortgage loans that do not meet agency standards, which we retain on our balance sheet. Our portfolio of originated nonconforming residential mortgage loans totaled $41.3 billion at March 31, 2025, with 46% located in California. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $41.7 billion and 46%, respectively.

22    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Home Equity

Home equity loans of $25.8 billion as of March 31, 2025 were comprised of $21.5 billion of home equity lines of credit and $4.3 billion of closed-end home equity installment loans. At December 31, 2024, comparable amounts were $26.0 billion, $21.3 billion and $4.7 billion, respectively. Home equity lines of credit are a variable interest rate product with fixed rate conversion options available to certain borrowers.

Similar to residential real estate loans, we obtain loan attributes at origination, including FICO scores and LTVs, and we update these and other credit metrics at least quarterly. Borrower performance of this portfolio is tracked on a monthly basis. We also segment the population into pools based on product type (e.g., first lien product and second lien product) and track the historical performance of any related mortgage loans regardless of whether we hold such liens. This information is used for internal reporting and risk management. As part of our overall risk analysis and monitoring, we also segment the portfolio based upon loan delinquency, nonperforming status, modification and bankruptcy status, FICO scores, LTV, lien position and geographic concentration.

The credit performance of the majority of the home equity portfolio where we hold the first lien position is superior to the portion of the portfolio where we hold the second lien position but do not hold the first lien. Lien position information is generally determined at the time of origination and monitored on an ongoing basis for risk management purposes. We use a third-party service provider to obtain updated loan information, including lien and collateral data that is aggregated from public and private sources.

The following table presents certain key statistics related to our home equity portfolio:

Table 19: Home Equity Loan Statistics

			March 31, 2025															December 31, 2024
Dollars in millions			Amount						% of Total									Amount						% of Total
Geography (a)
Pennsylvania			$	4,420					17		%							$	4,504					17		%
New Jersey			3,137						12									3,153						12
Florida			2,235						9									2,239						9
Ohio			2,123						8									2,145						8
California			1,750						7									1,743						7
Texas			1,322						5									1,299						5
Maryland			1,196						5									1,209						5
Michigan			1,150						4									1,166						4
Illinois			1,023						4									1,032						4
North Carolina			993						4									1,001						4
Other			6,497						25									6,500						25
Total home equity loans			$	25,846					100		%							$	25,991					100		%
Lien type
1st lien									48		%													49		%
2nd lien									52															51
Total									100		%													100		%
			March 31, 2025															December 31, 2024
Weighted-average loan origination statistics (b)
Loan origination FICO score									774															773
LTV of loan originations									62		%													62		%

(a)Presented in descending order based on loan balances at March 31, 2025.

(b)Weighted-averages calculated for the twelve months ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Automobile

Auto loans of $15.3 billion as of March 31, 2025 comprised $14.3 billion in the indirect auto portfolio and $1.0 billion in the direct auto portfolio. At December 31, 2024, comparable amounts were $15.4 billion, $14.4 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively. The indirect auto portfolio consists of loans originated primarily through independent franchised dealers, including dealers located in our newer markets. This business is strategically aligned with our core retail banking business.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 23  

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The following table presents certain key statistics related to our indirect and direct auto portfolios:

Table 20: Auto Loan Statistics

			March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Weighted-average loan origination FICO score (a) (b)
Indirect auto			795			793
Direct auto			786			786
Weighted-average term of loan originations - in months (a)
Indirect auto			72			72
Direct auto			64			64

(a)Weighted-averages calculated for the twelve months ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(b)Calculated using the auto enhanced FICO scale.

We continue to focus on borrowers with strong credit profiles as evidenced by the weighted-average loan origination FICO scores noted in Table 20. We offer both new and used auto financing to customers through our various channels. At March 31, 2025, the portfolio balance was composed of 43% new vehicle loans and 57% used vehicle loans. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were 43% and 57%, respectively.

The auto loan portfolio’s performance is measured monthly, including both updated collateral values and FICO scores that are obtained at least quarterly. For internal reporting and risk management, we analyze the portfolio by product channel and product type and regularly evaluate default and delinquency experience. As part of our overall risk analysis and monitoring, we segment the portfolio by geography, channel, collateral attributes and credit metrics which include FICO score, LTV and term.

Nonperforming Assets and Loan Delinquencies

Nonperforming Assets

Nonperforming assets include nonperforming loans and leases, OREO and foreclosed assets. Nonperforming loans are those loans accounted for at amortized cost whose credit quality has deteriorated to the extent full collection of contractual principal and interest is not probable. Loans held for sale, certain government insured or guaranteed loans and loans accounted for under the fair value option are excluded from nonperforming loans. See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for details on our nonaccrual policies.

The following table presents a summary of nonperforming assets by major category:

Table 21: Nonperforming Assets by Type

			March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024						Change
Dollars in millions												$						%
Nonperforming loans
Commercial			$	1,467		$	1,462					$	5					—		%
Consumer (a)			825			864						(39)						(5)		%
Total nonperforming loans			2,292			2,326						(34)						(1)		%
OREO and foreclosed assets			32			31						1						3		%
Total nonperforming assets			$	2,324		$	2,357					$	(33)					(1)		%
Nonperforming loans to total loans			0.72		%	0.73		%
Nonperforming assets to total loans, OREO and foreclosed assets			0.73		%	0.74		%
Nonperforming assets to total assets			0.42		%	0.42		%
Allowance for loan and lease losses to nonperforming loans			198		%	193		%
Allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans (b)			228		%	224		%

(a)Excludes most unsecured consumer loans and lines of credit, which are charged off after 120 to 180 days past due and are not placed on nonperforming status.

(b)Calculated excluding allowances for investment securities and other financial assets.

24    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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The following table provides details on the change in nonperforming assets for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

Table 22: Change in Nonperforming Assets

In millions						2025						2024
January 1						$	2,357					$	2,216
New nonperforming assets						477						616
Charge-offs and valuation adjustments						(135)						(133)
Principal activity, including paydowns and payoffs						(156)						(188)
Asset sales and transfers to loans held for sale						(77)						(16)
Returned to performing status						(142)						(80)
March 31						$	2,324					$	2,415

As of March 31, 2025, approximately 96% of total nonperforming loans were secured by collateral.

Loan Delinquencies

We regularly monitor the level of loan delinquencies and believe these levels are a key indicator of credit quality in our loan portfolio. Measurement of delinquency status is based on the contractual terms of each loan. Loans that are 30 days or more past due are considered delinquent. Loan delinquencies include government insured or guaranteed loans, loans accounted for under the fair value option and PCD loans. Amounts exclude loans held for sale.

We manage credit risk based on the risk profile of the borrower, repayment sources, underlying collateral, and other support given current events, economic conditions and expectations. We refine our practices to address operating environment changes such as inflation levels, industry specific risks (including tariffs), interest rate levels, the level of consumer savings and deposit balances, and structural and secular changes such as those that arose from the pandemic. To mitigate losses and enhance customer support, we offer loan modifications and collection programs to assist our customers.

The following table presents a summary of accruing loans past due by delinquency status:

Table 23: Accruing Loans Past Due (a)

						Amount																								% of Total Loans Outstanding
						March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						Change												March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Dollars in millions																		$						%
Early stage loan delinquencies
Accruing loans past due 30 to 59 days						$	774					$	697					$	77					11		%				0.24		%				0.22		%
Accruing loans past due 60 to 89 days						278						288						(10)						(3)		%				0.09		%				0.09		%
Total early stage loan delinquencies						1,052						985						67						7		%				0.33		%				0.31		%
Late stage loan delinquencies
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more						379						397						(18)						(5)		%				0.12		%				0.13		%
Total accruing loans past due						$	1,431					$	1,382					$	49					4		%				0.45		%				0.44		%

(a)Past due loan amounts include government insured or guaranteed loans of $0.3 billion at March 31, 2025 and $0.4 billion at December 31, 2024.

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more continue to accrue interest because they are (i) well secured by collateral and are in the process of collection, (ii) managed in homogeneous portfolios with specified charge-off timeframes adhering to regulatory guidelines, or (iii) certain government insured or guaranteed loans. As such, they are excluded from nonperforming loans.

Loan Modifications

We may provide relief to our customers experiencing financial hardships through a variety of solutions. Commercial loan and lease modifications are based on each individual borrower’s situation, while consumer loan modifications are evaluated under our hardship relief programs. For additional information on our commercial real estate, office-related modification offerings, see the Commercial Real Estate portion of the Credit Risk Management section of this Financial Review.

See Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses for additional information on loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

Allowance for Credit Losses

Our determination of the ACL is based on historical loss and performance experience, current economic conditions, the reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions and other relevant factors, including current borrower and/or transaction

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 25  

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characteristics and assessments of the remaining estimated contractual term as of the balance sheet date. We maintain the ACL at an appropriate level for expected losses on our existing investment securities, loans, equipment finance leases, other financial assets and unfunded lending related commitments.

See Note 1 Accounting Policies and the Credit Risk Management section in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional discussion of our ACL, including details of our methodologies. See also the Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments section of this Report for further discussion of the assumptions used in the determination of the ACL as of March 31, 2025.

The following table summarizes our ACL related to loans:

Table 24: Allowance for Credit Losses by Loan Class (a)

						March 31, 2025												December 31, 2024
Dollars in millions						Allowance Amount			Total Loans			% of Total Loans						Allowance Amount			Total Loans			% of Total Loans
Allowance for loans and lease losses
Commercial
Commercial and industrial						$	1,704		$	180,537		0.94		%				$	1,605		$	175,790		0.91		%
Commercial real estate						1,433			32,307			4.44		%				1,483			33,619			4.41		%
Equipment lease financing						68			6,732			1.01		%				60			6,755			0.89		%
Total commercial						3,205			219,576			1.46		%				3,148			216,164			1.46		%
Consumer
Residential real estate						43			45,890			0.09		%				37			46,415			0.08		%
Home equity						286			25,846			1.11		%				266			25,991			1.02		%
Automobile						167			15,324			1.09		%				160			15,355			1.04		%
Credit card						621			6,550			9.48		%				664			6,879			9.65		%
Education						48			1,597			3.01		%				48			1,636			2.93		%
Other consumer						174			4,067			4.28		%				163			4,027			4.05		%
Total consumer						1,339			99,274			1.35		%				1,338			100,303			1.33		%
Total						4,544			$	318,850		1.43		%				4,486			$	316,467		1.42		%
Allowance for unfunded lending related commitments						674												719
Allowance for credit losses						$	5,218											$	5,205
Allowance for credit losses to total loans												1.64		%										1.64		%
Commercial												1.70		%										1.72		%
Consumer												1.50		%										1.47		%

(a)    Excludes allowances for investment securities and other financial assets, which together totaled $91 million and $114 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

26    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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The following table summarizes our loan charge-offs and recoveries:

Table 25: Loan Charge-Offs and Recoveries

Three months ended March 31						Gross Charge-offs						Recoveries						Net Charge-offs / (Recoveries)						% of Average Loans (Annualized)
Dollars in millions
2025
Commercial
Commercial and industrial						$	103					$	35					$	68					0.16		%
Commercial real estate						18						5						13						0.16		%
Equipment lease financing						10						7						3						0.18		%
Total commercial						131						47						84						0.16		%
Consumer
Residential real estate						2						2						—						—		%
Home equity						9						8						1						0.02		%
Automobile						35						23						12						0.32		%
Credit card						90						15						75						4.63		%
Education						5						2						3						0.74		%
Other consumer						40						10						30						2.99		%
Total consumer						181						60						121						0.49		%
Total						$	312					$	107					$	205					0.26		%
2024
Commercial
Commercial and industrial						$	84					$	19					$	65					0.15		%
Commercial real estate						56						2						54						0.61		%
Equipment lease financing						8						2						6						0.37		%
Total commercial						148						23						125						0.23		%
Consumer
Residential real estate						1						3						(2)						(0.02)		%
Home equity						10						9						1						0.02		%
Automobile						32						25						7						0.19		%
Credit card						92						15						77						4.46		%
Education						4						2						2						0.42		%
Other consumer						43						10						33						3.16		%
Total consumer						182						64						118						0.47		%
Total						$	330					$	87					$	243					0.30		%

Total net charge-offs decreased $38 million, or 16%, for the first three months of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The decrease in the comparison was primarily attributable to lower commercial real estate net charge-offs.

See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K and Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses of this Report for additional information.

Liquidity and Capital Management

Our liquidity risk framework and related monitoring measures and tools, including internal liquidity stress testing as well as compliance with internal and regulatory limits and guidelines, are described in further detail in the Liquidity and Capital Management section of our 2024 Form 10-K.

One of the ways we monitor our liquidity is by reference to the LCR, a regulatory minimum liquidity requirement designed to ensure that covered banking organizations maintain an adequate level of liquidity to meet net liquidity needs over the course of a hypothetical 30-day stress scenario. PNC and PNC Bank calculate the LCR daily and are required to maintain a regulatory minimum of 100%. The LCR for PNC and PNC Bank exceeded the regulatory minimum requirement throughout the first quarter of 2025. Fluctuations in our LCR result from changes to the components of the calculation, including high-quality liquid assets and net cash outflows, as a result of ongoing business activity.

The NSFR is designed to measure the stability of the maturity structure of assets and liabilities of banking organizations over a one-year time horizon. PNC and PNC Bank calculate the NSFR daily and are required to maintain a regulatory minimum of 100%. The NSFR for PNC and PNC Bank exceeded the regulatory minimum requirement throughout the first quarter of 2025.

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We provide additional information regarding regulatory liquidity requirements and their potential impact on us in the Supervision and Regulation section of Item 1 Business and Item 1A Risk Factors of our 2024 Form 10-K.

Sources of Liquidity

Our largest source of liquidity on a consolidated basis is the customer deposit base generated by our banking businesses. These deposits provide relatively stable and low-cost funding. Total deposits decreased to $422.9 billion at March 31, 2025 from $426.7 billion at December 31, 2024, primarily due to lower interest-bearing deposits. The decrease in interest-bearing deposits was driven by lower commercial balances and brokered time deposits, partially offset by higher consumer balances. As of March 31, 2025, uninsured deposits represented approximately 44% of our total deposit base, which is estimated based on the regulatory instructions in the Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income - FFIEC 031. The majority of our uninsured deposits are related to commercial operating and relationship accounts, which we define as commercial deposit customers who utilize two or more PNC products. See the Funding Sources section in the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review and the Business Segments Review of this Financial Review for additional information on our deposits and related strategies.

We may also obtain liquidity through various forms of funding, such as senior notes, subordinated debt, FHLB advances, securities sold under repurchase agreements, commercial paper and other short-term borrowings. See the Funding Sources section in the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review of this Financial Review and Note 7 Borrowed Funds included in this Report for additional information related to our borrowings.

Total senior and subordinated debt, on a consolidated basis, increased due to the following activity:

Table 26: Senior and Subordinated Debt

In billions			2025
January 1			$	36.6
Issuances			2.7
Calls and maturities			(0.8)
Other			0.7
March 31			$	39.2

Additionally, PNC maintains access to contingent funding sources that include unused borrowing capacity and certain liquid assets. PNC has a contingency funding plan designed to ensure that liquidity sources are sufficient to meet ongoing obligations and commitments, particularly in the event of liquidity stress. This plan is designed to examine and quantify the organization’s liquidity under various internal liquidity stress scenarios and is periodically tested to assess the plan’s reliability. Additionally, the plan provides the strategies for addressing liquidity needs and responsive actions we would consider during liquidity stress events, which could include the issuance of incremental debt, preferred stock, or additional deposit actions, including the issuance of brokered time deposits. The plan also addresses the governance, frequency of reporting and the responsibilities of key departments in the event of liquidity stress.

PNC defines our primary contingent liquidity sources as cash held at the FRB, investment securities and unused borrowing capacity at the FHLB and FRB. The following table summarizes our primary contingent liquidity sources at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

Table 27: Primary Contingent Liquidity Sources

In billions			March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Cash balance with Federal Reserve Bank			$	31.9					$	39.0
Available investment securities (a)			67.2						64.5
Unused borrowing capacity from FHLB (b)			51.8						51.0
Unused borrowing capacity from Federal Reserve Bank (c)			78.6						77.9
Total available contingent liquidity			$	229.5					$	232.4

(a)Represents the fair value of investment securities that can be used for pledging or to secure other sources of funding.

(b)At March 31, 2025, total FHLB borrowing capacity was $70.1 billion and total FHLB advances and letters of credit were $18.3 billion. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $73.3 billion and $22.3 billion, respectively.

(c)Total borrowing capacity with the FRB was $78.6 billion at March 31, 2025 and $77.9 billion at December 31, 2024. PNC had no outstanding borrowings with the FRB at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

28    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Bank Liquidity

In addition to our primary contingent liquidity sources, under PNC Bank’s 2014 bank note program, as amended, PNC Bank may from time to time offer up to $40.0 billion aggregate principal amount outstanding at any one time of its unsecured senior and subordinated notes with maturity dates more than nine months (in the case of senior notes) and five years or more (in the case of subordinated notes) from their date of issue. At March 31, 2025, PNC Bank’s remaining capacity to issue under the program was $33.0 billion.

Under PNC Bank’s 2013 commercial paper program, PNC Bank has the ability to offer up to $10.0 billion of its commercial paper to provide additional liquidity. At March 31, 2025, there were no issuances outstanding under this program.

Additionally, PNC Bank may also access funding from the parent company through deposits placed at the bank or issuing intercompany unsecured notes.

Parent Company Liquidity

In addition to managing liquidity risk at the bank level, we manage the parent company’s liquidity. The parent company’s contractual obligations consist primarily of debt service related to parent company borrowings and funding non-bank affiliates. Additionally, the parent company maintains liquidity to fund discretionary activities such as paying dividends to our shareholders, share repurchases and acquisitions.

At March 31, 2025, available parent company liquidity totaled $27.4 billion. Parent company liquidity is held in intercompany cash and investments. For investments with longer durations, the related maturities are aligned with scheduled cash needs, such as the maturity of parent company debt obligations.

The principal source of parent company liquidity is the dividends or other capital distributions it receives from PNC Bank, which may be impacted by the following:

•Bank-level capital needs,

•Laws, regulations and the results of supervisory activities,

•Corporate policies,

•Contractual restrictions, and

•Other factors.

There are statutory and regulatory limitations on the ability of a national bank to pay dividends or make other capital distributions or to extend credit to the parent company or its non-bank subsidiaries. The amount available for dividend payments by PNC Bank to the parent company without prior regulatory approval was $6.1 billion at March 31, 2025. See Note 19 Regulatory Matters in our 2024 Form 10-K for further discussion of these limitations.

In addition to dividends from PNC Bank, other sources of parent company liquidity include cash and investments, as well as dividends and loan repayments from other subsidiaries and dividends or distributions from equity investments. We can also generate liquidity for the parent company and PNC’s non-bank subsidiaries through the issuance of debt and equity securities, including certain capital instruments, in public or private markets and commercial paper. Under the parent company’s 2014 commercial paper program, the parent company has the ability to offer up to $5.0 billion of commercial paper to provide additional liquidity. At March 31, 2025, there were no issuances outstanding under this program.

The following table details Parent Company note issuances during the first quarter of 2025:

Table 28: Parent Company Notes Issued

Issuance Date			Amount			Description of Issuance
January 29, 2025			$1.0 billion			$1.0 billion of senior fixed-to-floating rate notes with a maturity date of January 29, 2031. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears at a fixed rate of 5.222% per annum, on January 29 and July 29 of each year, beginning on July 29, 2025. Beginning on January 29, 2030 interest is payable quarterly in arrears at a floating rate per annum equal to Compounded SOFR (determined with respect to each quarterly interest period using the SOFR Index as described in the Prospectus Supplement), plus 1.072%, on April 29, 2030, July 29, 2030, October 29, 2030 and at the maturity date.
January 29, 2025			$1.75 billion			$1.75 billion of senior fixed-to-floating rate notes with a maturity date of January 29, 2036. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears at a fixed rate of 5.575% per annum, on January 29 and July 29 of each year, beginning on July 29, 2025. Beginning on January 29, 2035 interest is payable quarterly in arrears at a floating rate per annum equal to Compounded SOFR (determined with respect to each quarterly interest period using the SOFR Index as described in the Prospectus Supplement), plus 1.394%, on April 29, 2035, July 29, 2035, October 29, 2035 and at the maturity date.

Parent company senior and subordinated debt carrying value totaled $31.6 billion and $28.4 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 29  

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Contractual Obligations and Commitments

We enter into various contractual arrangements in in the normal course of business, certain of which require future payments on borrowed funds, time deposits, leases, pension and postretirement benefits and purchase obligations that could impact our liquidity and capital resources. See the Liquidity and Capital Management portion of the Risk Management section of our 2024 Form 10-K for more information on these future cash outflows. Additionally, in the normal course of business, we have various commitments outstanding, certain of which are not included on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. We provide information on our commitments in Note 8 Commitments.

Credit Ratings

PNC’s credit ratings affect the cost and availability of short and long-term funding, collateral requirements for certain derivative instruments and the ability to offer certain products.

In general, rating agencies base their ratings on many quantitative and qualitative factors, including capital adequacy, liquidity, asset quality, business mix, level and quality of earnings, and the current legislative and regulatory environment, including implied government support. A decrease, or potential decrease, in credit ratings could impact access to the capital markets and/or increase the cost of debt, and thereby adversely affect liquidity and financial condition. For additional information on the potential impacts from a downgrade to our credit ratings, see Item 1A Risk Factors in our 2024 Form 10-K.

The following table presents credit ratings and outlook for PNC as of March 31, 2025:

Table 29: Credit Ratings and Outlook

March 31, 2025

Moody’s

Standard & Poor’s (a)

Fitch

PNC

Senior debt

A3

A-

A

Subordinated debt

A3

BBB+

A-

Preferred stock

Baa2

BBB-

BBB

PNC Bank

Senior debt

A2

A

A+

Subordinated debt

A3

(b)

A-

A

Long-term deposits

Aa3

no rating

AA-

Short-term deposits

P-1

no rating

F1+

Short-term notes

P-1

A-1

F1

PNC

Agency rating outlook

Negative

Stable

Stable

(a)S&P does not provide depositor ratings. PNC Bank’s long term issuer rating is A and short term issuer rating is A-1.

(b)Moody’s upgraded PNC Bank’s subordinated debt rating to A2 as of April 10, 2025.

Capital Management

Detailed information on our capital management processes and activities is included in the Supervision and Regulation section of Item 1 of our 2024 Form 10-K.

We manage our funding and capital positions by making adjustments to our balance sheet size and composition, issuing or redeeming debt, issuing equity or other capital instruments, executing treasury stock transactions and capital redemptions or repurchases, and managing dividend policies and retaining earnings.

In the first quarter of 2025, PNC returned $0.8 billion of capital to shareholders, including $0.6 billion of dividends on common shares and $0.2 billion of common share repurchases. Consistent with the SCB framework, which allows for capital return in amounts in excess of the SCB minimum levels, our Board of Directors has authorized a repurchase framework under the previously approved repurchase program of up to 100 million common shares, of which approximately 41% were still available for repurchase at March 31, 2025. Second quarter 2025 share repurchase activity is expected to increase as compared to recent quarterly average share repurchase levels. PNC may adjust share repurchase activity depending on market and economic conditions, as well as other factors. PNC’s SCB for the four-quarter period beginning October 1, 2024 is the regulatory minimum of 2.5%.

On April 3, 2025 the PNC Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $1.60 per share to be paid on May 5, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business April 16, 2025.

30    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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The following table summarizes our Basel III capital balances and ratios:

Table 30: Basel III Capital

			March 31, 2025
Dollars in millions			Basel III
Common equity Tier 1 capital
Common stock plus related surplus, net of treasury stock			$	(4,160)
Retained earnings			60,051
Goodwill, net of associated deferred tax liabilities			(10,698)
Other disallowed intangibles, net of deferred tax liabilities			(216)
Other adjustments/(deductions)			(84)
Common equity Tier 1 capital (a)			$	44,893
Additional Tier 1 capital
Preferred stock plus related surplus			5,751
Tier 1 capital			$	50,644
Additional Tier 2 capital
Qualifying subordinated debt			2,215
Eligible credit reserves includable in Tier 2 capital			5,152
Total Basel III capital			$	58,011
Risk-weighted assets
Basel III standardized approach risk-weighted assets (b)			$	423,931
Average quarterly adjusted total assets			$	548,955
Supplementary leverage exposure (c)			$	665,576
Basel III risk-based capital and leverage ratios (d)
Common equity Tier 1			10.6		%
Tier 1			11.9		%
Total			13.7		%
Leverage (e)			9.2		%
Supplementary leverage ratio (c)			7.6		%

(a)As permitted, PNC and PNC Bank have elected to exclude AOCI related to both available-for-sale securities and pension and other post-retirement plans from CET1 capital.

(b)Basel III standardized approach risk-weighted assets are based on the Basel III standardized approach rules and include credit and market risk-weighted assets.

(c)The Supplementary leverage ratio is calculated based on Tier 1 capital divided by Supplementary leverage exposure, which takes into account the quarterly average of both on balance sheet assets as well as certain off-balance sheet items, including loan commitments and potential future exposure under derivative contracts.

(d)All ratios are calculated using the regulatory capital methodology applicable to PNC and calculated based on the standardized approach.

(e)The leverage ratio is calculated based on Tier 1 capital divided by Average quarterly adjusted total assets.

PNC’s regulatory risk-based capital ratios are calculated using the standardized approach for determining risk-weighted assets. Under the standardized approach for determining credit risk-weighted assets, exposures are generally assigned a pre-defined risk weight. Exposures to high volatility commercial real estate, nonaccruals, FDMs, past due exposures and equity exposures are generally subject to higher risk weights than other types of exposures.

In the first quarter of 2025, CECL is fully reflected in regulatory capital. See additional discussion of the CECL transition provision in the Supervision and Regulation section of Item 1 Business and Item 1A Risk Factors of our 2024 Form 10-K.

At March 31, 2025, PNC and PNC Bank were considered “well capitalized” based on applicable U.S. regulatory capital ratio requirements. To qualify as “well capitalized,” PNC must have Basel III capital ratios of at least 6% for Tier 1 risk-based capital and 10% for Total risk-based capital, and PNC Bank must have Basel III capital ratios of at least 6.5% for Common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital, 8% for Tier 1 risk-based capital, 10% for Total risk-based capital and a Leverage ratio of at least 5%.

Federal banking regulators have stated that they expect the largest U.S. BHCs, including PNC, to have a level of regulatory capital well in excess of the regulatory minimum and have required the largest U.S. BHCs, including PNC, to have a capital buffer sufficient to withstand losses and allow them to meet the credit needs of their customers through estimated stress scenarios. We seek to manage our capital consistent with these regulatory principles, and we believe that our March 31, 2025 capital levels were aligned with them.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 31  

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We provide additional information regarding regulatory capital requirements and some of their potential impacts, including the proposed rules to adjust the Basel III framework, in the Supervision and Regulation section of Item 1 Business, Item 1A Risk Factors and Note 19 Regulatory Matters in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Market Risk Management

See the Market Risk Management portion of the Risk Management section in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional discussion regarding market risk.

Market Risk Management – Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk results primarily from our traditional banking activities of gathering deposits and extending loans. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates and consumer preferences, affect the difference between the interest that we earn on assets, the interest that we pay on liabilities and the level of our noninterest-bearing funding sources. Due to the repricing term mismatches and embedded options inherent in certain of these products, changes in market interest rates not only affect expected near-term earnings, but also the economic values of these assets and liabilities.

Our Asset and Liability Management group centrally manages interest rate risk as prescribed in our market risk-related risk management policies, which are approved by management’s ALCO and the Risk Committee of the Board of Directors.

PNC utilizes sensitivities of NII and EVE to a set of interest rate scenarios to identify and measure its short-term and long-term structural interest rate risks.

NII sensitivity results for the first quarters of 2025 and 2024 follow:

Table 31: Net Interest Income Sensitivity Analysis

			First Quarter 2025						First Quarter 2024
Net Interest Income Sensitivity Simulation (a)
Effect on NII in first year from shocked interest rate:
200 basis point instantaneous increase			—		%				(0.2)		%
200 basis point instantaneous decrease			(1.2)		%				(0.2)		%

(a)The effect on NII in the first year from a 100 basis point instantaneous increase or decrease is not materially different from the 200 basis point scenarios as disclosed above.

When forecasting NII, we make certain key assumptions that can materially impact the resulting sensitivities, including the following:

Future Balance Sheet Composition: Our balance sheet composition is dynamic and based on our forecasted expectations. As of the first quarter 2025, the projected balance sheet composition by the end of year one is generally consistent with the spot composition at March 31, 2025.

Balance Sheet Forecast: Our balance sheet forecast is based on various assumptions that include key interest rate risk aspects such as loan and deposit growth, as well as mix, and is consistent with our guidance.

Deposit Betas: Deposit pricing changes are primarily driven by changes in the Federal Funds rate. PNC’s cumulative deposit beta was 51% through March 2025. We define deposit beta as the change in deposit rate paid on total interest-bearing deposits divided by the change in the upper level of the average stated Federal Funds rate range since August 2024, the start of the current easing rate cycle. For rate sensitivity purposes, PNC assumes the cumulative deposit beta will decrease modestly from the current level. For interest rate risk modeling, PNC uses dynamic beta models to adjust assumed repricing sensitivity depending on market rate levels as well as other factors. The dynamic beta assumptions reflect historical experience as well as future expectations, and are periodically updated to reflect the current view of future expectations. Actual deposit rates paid may differ from modeled projections due to variables such as competition for deposits and customer behavior.

Asset Prepayments: PNC includes prepayment assumptions for both loan and investment portfolios. Mortgage and home equity portfolios utilize an industry standard model to drive estimated prepayments that increase in lower rate environments. Commercial and other consumer loan portfolios assume static constant prepayment rates that are consistent across rate scenarios, as those portfolios historically do not exhibit significantly different prepayment behaviors based upon the level of market rates.

Impact of Derivatives: As part of our risk management strategy, PNC uses interest rate derivatives, some of which are forward starting, to hedge floating rate commercial loans. PNC had $58.6 billion in active and forward starting receive fix / pay float swaps as of March 31, 2025, with a weighted average duration of 2.5 years and an average fixed rate of 3.68%. As of March 31, 2025, PNC also had collars in place, reflecting $12.5 billion of caps and $12.5 billion of floors, that are used to hedge these commercial loans. Additionally, PNC utilizes receive fix / pay float swaps to hedge fixed rate debt and deposits, as well as pay fix / receive float swaps to

32    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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hedge the investment securities portfolio. See Note 12 Financial Derivatives for additional information on how we use derivatives to hedge these financial instruments.

Compared to the first quarter of 2024, there have been no material changes to our NII sensitivity assumptions, including data sources that drive assumptions setting.

EVE sensitivity results for the first quarters of 2025 and 2024 follow:

Table 32: Economic Value of Equity Sensitivity Analysis

			First Quarter 2025			First Quarter 2024
Economic Value of Equity Sensitivity Simulation
200 basis point instantaneous increase			(2.2)		%	(5.7)		%
200 basis point instantaneous decrease			(2.9)		%	(1.6)		%

EVE measures the present value of all projected future cash flows associated with a point-in-time balance sheet and does not include projected new volume. EVE sensitivity to interest rate changes is a complementary metric to NII sensitivity analysis and represents an estimation of long-term interest rate risk. PNC calculates its EVE sensitivity by measuring the changes in the economic value of assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet instruments in response to an instantaneous +/-200 bps parallel shift in interest rates. Similar to the NII sensitivity analysis, we incorporate dynamic deposit repricing and loan prepayment assumptions. Directionally, higher deposit beta assumptions result in increasing liability sensitivity whereas lower deposit betas increase asset sensitivity. Conceptually similar, higher loan prepayment assumptions cause an increase in asset sensitivity and lower prepayments result in an increase in liability sensitivity. These behavioral modeling assumptions are largely consistent between the EVE and NII sensitivity analyses, and also share the same starting balance sheet position as of March 31, 2025. Deposit attrition is also a significant contributor to EVE sensitivity. Deposit attrition is projected based on a dynamic model developed using long-term historical deposit behavior in addition to management assumptions. PNC performs various sensitivity analyses to understand the impact of faster and slower deposit attrition, loan prepayments and deposit betas on our risk metrics, with the results reported to ALCO.

In the first quarter of 2025, PNC introduced a new deposit runoff model for EVE. Relative to the legacy model, the new deposit model uses an improved functional form for capturing rate sensitivity and also takes into account more recent deposit behavioral data.

As a result of the introduction of the new deposit model, PNC's estimated balance sheet duration decreased, becoming more neutral. The model change results in our estimated EVE having more symmetrical exposure to +200 bps and -200 bps shocks, as compared to the prior model which resulted in our balance sheet facing greater exposure to +200 bps rate shock and minimal exposure to a -200 bps rate shock.

Market Risk Management – Customer-Related Trading Risk

We engage in fixed income securities, derivatives and foreign exchange transactions to support our customers’ investing and hedging activities. These transactions, related hedges and the credit and funding valuation adjustment related to our customer derivatives portfolio are marked-to-market daily and reported as customer-related trading activities. We do not engage in proprietary trading of these products.

We use VaR as the primary means to measure and monitor market risk in customer-related trading activities. VaR is used to estimate the probability of portfolio losses based on the statistical analysis of historical market risk factors. A diversified VaR reflects empirical

correlations across different asset classes. VaR is computed with positions and market risk factors updated daily to ensure each portfolio is operating within its acceptable limits. See the Market Risk Management – Customer-Related Trading Risk section of our 2024 Form 10-K for more information on our models used to calculate VaR and our backtesting process.

Customer-related trading revenue was $34 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $16 million for the same period in 2024, and is recorded in Capital markets and advisory noninterest income and Other interest income on our Consolidated Income Statement. The increase was primarily due to higher derivative customer-related trading revenue, partially offset by lower securities customer-related trading revenue.

Market Risk Management – Equity And Other Investment Risk

Equity investment risk is the risk of potential losses associated with investing in both private and public equity markets. In addition to extending credit, taking deposits, underwriting securities and trading financial instruments, we make and manage direct investments in a variety of transactions, including management buyouts, recapitalizations and growth financings in a variety of industries. We also have investments in affiliated and non-affiliated funds that make similar investments in private equity, consistent with regulatory limitations. The economic and/or book value of these investments and other assets are directly affected by changes in market factors.

Various PNC business units manage our equity and other investment activities. Our businesses are responsible for making investment decisions within the approved policy limits and associated guidelines.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 33  

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A summary of our equity investments follows:

Table 33: Equity Investments Summary

			March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						Change
Dollars in millions															$						%
Tax credit investments			$	4,981					$	5,066					$	(85)					(2)		%
Private equity and other			4,467						4,534						(67)						(1)		%
Total			$	9,448					$	9,600					$	(152)					(2)		%

Tax Credit Investments

Included in our equity investments are direct tax credit investments and equity investments held by consolidated entities. These tax credit investment balances included unfunded commitments totaling $2.9 billion at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. These unfunded commitments are included in Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Note 4 Loan Sale and Servicing Activities and Variable Interest Entities in our 2024 Form 10-K has further information on tax credit investments.

Private Equity and Other

The largest component of our other equity investments is our private equity portfolio. The private equity portfolio is an illiquid portfolio consisting of mezzanine and equity investments that vary by industry, stage and type of investment. Private equity investments carried at estimated fair value totaled $2.4 billion and $2.3 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. As of March 31, 2025, $2.2 billion was invested directly in a variety of companies, and $0.2 billion was invested indirectly through various private equity funds.

PNC owns Visa Class B-2 common shares which were previously converted from Visa Class B-1 common shares as a result of the Visa exchange program in 2024. The Visa Class B-2 common shares, which are included in our other equity investments at cost, remain subject to the same restrictions that were imposed on the Visa Class B-1 common shares. Participation in the exchange required PNC to agree to a make-whole agreement that subjects PNC to the same indemnity obligations to Visa as prior to participation in the exchange program.

The Visa Class B-2 common shares that we own are transferable only under limited circumstances until either the resolution of the pending interchange litigation or Visa launches another exchange program allowing PNC to convert a portion of its Visa Class B-2 common shares into freely transferable Visa Class C common shares. At March 31, 2025, the estimated value of our total investment in the Visa Class B-2 common shares was approximately $0.9 billion, while our cost basis was insignificant. The estimated value does not represent fair value of the Visa Class B-2 common shares given the shares’ limited transferability and the lack of observable transactions in the marketplace. See Note 14 Fair Value and Note 20 Legal Proceedings in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information regarding our Visa agreements.

We also have certain other equity investments, the majority of which represent investments in affiliated and non-affiliated funds with both traditional and alternative investment strategies. Net losses related to these investments were $4 million and $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

Financial Derivatives

Financial derivatives involve, to varying degrees, market and credit risk. Derivatives represent contracts between parties that usually require little or no initial net investment and result in one party delivering cash or another type of asset to the other party based on a notional and an underlying as specified in the contract. Therefore, cash requirements and exposure to credit risk are significantly less than the notional amount on these instruments.

We use a variety of financial derivatives as part of the overall asset and liability risk management process to help manage exposure to market (primarily interest rate) and credit risk inherent in our business activities. We also enter into derivatives with customers to facilitate their risk management activities.

Further information on our financial derivatives is presented in Note 1 Accounting Policies, Note 14 Fair Value and Note 15 Financial Derivatives in our 2024 Form 10-K and in Note 11 Fair Value and Note 12 Financial Derivatives in this Report.

Not all elements of market and credit risk are addressed through the use of financial derivatives, and such instruments may be ineffective for their intended purposes due to unanticipated market changes, among other reasons.

34    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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AVERAGE CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AND NET INTEREST ANALYSIS

The following tables show PNC’s average consolidated balance sheet results and analysis of net interest income:

Table 34: Average Consolidated Balance Sheet and Net Interest Analysis (a) (b) (c)

			Three months ended March 31
			2025																		2024
Taxable-equivalent basis Dollars in millions			Average Balances						Interest Income/Expense						Average Yields/Rates						Average Balances						Interest Income/ Expense						Average Yields/ Rates
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Investment securities
Securities available-for-sale
Residential mortgage-backed			$	33,793					$	311					3.68		%				$	30,989					$	233					3.00		%
Commercial mortgage-backed			2,899						21						2.92		%				2,622						20						2.99		%
Asset-backed			2,322						32						5.46		%				1,414						21						6.02		%
U.S. Treasury and government agencies			24,382						274						4.50		%				8,199						55						2.67		%
Other			2,284						16						2.73		%				2,776						18						2.63		%
Total securities available-for-sale			65,680						654						3.98		%				46,000						347						3.01		%
Securities held-to-maturity
Residential mortgage-backed			40,045						284						2.84		%				42,633						295						2.77		%
Commercial mortgage-backed			1,687						20						4.70		%				2,252						31						5.46		%
Asset-backed			3,158						31						3.97		%				5,627						63						4.49		%
U.S. Treasury and government agencies			28,931						108						1.49		%				35,860						117						1.31		%
Other			2,680						32						4.69		%				3,062						35						4.52		%
Total securities held-to-maturity			76,501						475						2.48		%				89,434						541						2.42		%
Total investment securities			142,181						1,129						3.17		%				135,434						888						2.62		%
Loans
Commercial and industrial			177,333						2,543						5.74		%				177,258						2,771						6.18		%
Commercial real estate			33,067						490						5.94		%				35,522						599						6.67		%
Equipment lease financing			6,692						85						5.05		%				6,468						84						5.17		%
Consumer			53,421						941						7.14		%				53,933						961						7.16		%
Residential real estate			46,111						436						3.78		%				47,428						433						3.65		%
Total loans			316,624						4,495						5.70		%				320,609						4,848						6.01		%
Interest-earning deposits with banks			34,614						381						4.42		%				48,250						660						5.47		%
Other interest-earning assets			10,147						153						6.02		%				8,002						138						6.92		%
Total interest-earning assets/interest income			503,566						6,158						4.90		%				512,295						6,534						5.08		%
Noninterest-earning assets			52,811																		50,553
Total assets			$	556,377																	$	562,848
Liabilities and Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits
Money market			$	73,063					539						2.99		%				$	67,838					582						3.45		%
Demand			125,046						577						1.87		%				122,748						690						2.26		%
Savings			97,409						393						1.64		%				97,719						439						1.81		%
Time deposits			32,763						299						3.69		%				32,975						366						4.44		%
Total interest-bearing deposits			328,281						1,808						2.23		%				321,280						2,077						2.60		%
Borrowed funds
Federal Home Loan Bank advances			19,703						233						4.73		%				37,717						539						5.65		%
Senior debt			34,933						493						5.64		%				28,475						474						6.59		%
Subordinated debt			4,320						59						5.54		%				5,082						85						6.64		%
Other			5,549						61						4.38		%				4,316						61						5.59		%
Total borrowed funds			64,505						846						5.25		%				75,590						1,159						6.07		%
Total interest-bearing liabilities/interest expense			392,786						2,654						2.72		%				396,870						3,236						3.24		%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities and equity:
Noninterest-bearing deposits			92,367																		98,875
Accrued expenses and other liabilities			16,214																		16,404
Equity			55,010																		50,699
Total liabilities and equity			$	556,377																	$	562,848
Interest rate spread															2.18		%																1.84		%
Impact of noninterest-bearing sources															0.60																		0.73
Net interest income/margin									$	3,504					2.78		%										$	3,298					2.57		%

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 35  

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(Continued from previous page)			Three months ended December 31
			2024
Taxable-equivalent basis Dollars in millions			Average Balances						Interest Income/ Expense						Average Yields/ Rates
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Investment securities
Securities available-for-sale
Residential mortgage-backed			$	32,865					$	297					3.60		%
Commercial mortgage-backed			2,867						22						3.11		%
Asset-backed			2,344						33						5.77		%
U.S. Treasury and government agencies			23,086						280						4.75		%
Other			2,445						16						2.69		%
Total securities available-for-sale			63,607						648						4.04		%
Securities held-to-maturity
Residential mortgage-backed			40,833						289						2.83		%
Commercial mortgage-backed			1,880						24						5.05		%
Asset-backed			3,720						40						4.31		%
U.S. Treasury and government agencies			31,049						113						1.46		%
Other			2,774						33						4.69		%
Total securities held-to-maturity			80,256						499						2.48		%
Total investment securities			143,863						1,147						3.17		%
Loans
Commercial and industrial			177,433						2,691						5.94		%
Commercial real estate			34,476						549						6.24		%
Equipment lease financing			6,737						93						5.43		%
Consumer			53,735						985						7.29		%
Residential real estate			46,677						438						3.75		%
Total loans			319,058						4,756						5.87		%
Interest-earning deposits with banks			37,929						461						4.86		%
Other interest-earning assets			10,337						160						6.17		%
Total interest-earning assets/interest income			511,187						6,524						5.04		%
Noninterest-earning assets			52,911
Total assets			$	564,098
Liabilities and Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits
Money market			$	73,219					584						3.18		%
Demand			124,294						641						2.05		%
Savings			95,957						410						1.70		%
Time deposits			35,656						375						4.15		%
Total interest-bearing deposits			329,126						2,010						2.43		%
Borrowed funds
Federal Home Loan Bank advances			24,014						310						5.06		%
Senior debt			32,572						510						6.12		%
Subordinated debt			4,324						66						6.10		%
Other			6,259						75						4.70		%
Total borrowed funds			67,169						961						5.61		%
Total interest-bearing liabilities/interest expense			396,295						2,971						2.95		%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities and equity:
Noninterest-bearing deposits			96,136
Accrued expenses and other liabilities			17,068
Equity			54,599
Total liabilities and equity			$	564,098
Interest rate spread															2.09		%
Impact of noninterest-bearing sources															0.66
Net interest income/margin									$	3,553					2.75		%

36    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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(a)Nonaccrual loans are included in loans, net of unearned income. The impact of financial derivatives used in interest rate risk management is included in the interest income/expense and average yields/rates of the related assets and liabilities. Fair value adjustments related to hedged items are included in noninterest-earning assets and noninterest-bearing liabilities. Average balances of securities are based on amortized historical cost (excluding adjustments to fair value and unsettled activity, which are included in noninterest-earning assets). Average balances for certain loans and borrowed funds accounted for at fair value are included in noninterest-earning assets and noninterest-bearing liabilities, with changes in fair value recorded in Noninterest income.

(b)Loan fees for the three months ended March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 were $43 million, $50 million and $47 million, respectively.

(c)Interest income calculated as taxable-equivalent interest income. See Reconciliation of Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income in the Non-GAAP Financial Information section for more information.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL INFORMATION

PNC reports certain financial measures that are not in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP financial measures are provided as supplemental information to the financial measures in this Report that are calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. While we believe that these non-GAAP measures are useful tools for the purpose of evaluating certain financial results, they should not be considered superior to and are not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the related GAAP financial measures presented in this Report.

Table 35: Reconciliation of Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income (non-GAAP) (a)

						Three months ended
In millions						March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						March 31, 2024
Net interest income (GAAP)						$	3,476					$	3,523					$	3,264
Taxable-equivalent adjustments						28						30						34
Net interest income (non-GAAP)						$	3,504					$	3,553					$	3,298

(a)The interest income earned on certain interest-earning assets is completely or partially exempt from federal income tax. As such, these tax-exempt instruments typically yield lower returns than taxable investments. To provide more meaningful comparisons of net interest income, we use interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis by increasing the interest income earned on tax-exempt assets to make it fully equivalent to interest income earned on taxable investments. This adjustment is not permitted under GAAP.

RECENT REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS

Community Reinvestment Act

In March 2025, the federal banking agencies announced, in light of recent litigation, their intent to issue a proposal to rescind the CRA final rule issued in October 2023. Implementation of the new rule would have imposed additional costs and would have impacted how PNC’s CRA performance was assessed going forward. The proposal also would reinstate the CRA framework that existed prior to the 2023 final rule, which currently remains in effect.

Congressional Review Act

In March and April 2025, the U.S. Senate and the House of Representatives, respectively, passed a Congressional Review Act resolution overturning the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s December 2024 final rule that would have restricted overdraft fees for certain insured depository institutions, including PNC Bank (the “CFPB Overdraft Rule”). The CFPB Overdraft Rule requires covered financial institutions either to charge no more than $5 for consumer overdraft fees or adopt one of two alternatives: (i) apply protections to overdraft programs similar to those that apply to credit cards or (ii) charge an overdraft fee amount that is no more than the cost of providing consumers with overdraft protection, as calculated according to parameters set by the CFPB. If finalized as law, the Congressional Review Act resolution would prevent the CFPB Overdraft Rule from taking effect and prohibit the CFPB from issuing a substantially similar rule in the future.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared by applying certain accounting policies. Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K describes the most significant accounting policies that we use. Certain of these policies require us to make estimates or economic assumptions that may vary under different assumptions or conditions, and such variations may significantly affect our reported results and financial position for the period or in future periods. The policies and judgments related to residential and commercial MSRs and Level 3 fair value measurements are described in Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments in our 2024 Form 10-K. The following details the critical estimates and judgments around the ACL:

Allowance for Credit Losses

We maintain the ACL at levels that we believe to be appropriate as of the balance sheet date to absorb expected credit losses on our existing investment securities, loans, equipment finance leases, other financial assets and unfunded lending related commitments, for the remaining estimated contractual term of the assets or exposures, taking into consideration expected prepayments and estimated recoveries. Our determination of the ACL is based on historical loss and performance experience, as well as current borrower and transaction characteristics including collateral type and quality, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 37  

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future economic conditions and other relevant factors. We use methods sensitive to changes in economic conditions to interpret these factors and to estimate expected credit losses. We evaluate and, when appropriate, enhance the quality of our data and models and other methods used to estimate the ACL on an ongoing basis. The major drivers of ACL estimates include, but are not limited to:

•Current economic conditions: Our forecast of expected losses depends on economic conditions as of the estimation date. As          current economic conditions evolve, forecasted losses could be materially affected.         

•Scenario weights and design: Our loss estimates are sensitive to the shape, direction and rate of change of macroeconomic forecasts and thus vary significantly between upside and downside scenarios. Changes to the probability weights assigned to these scenarios and the timing of peak business cycles reflected by the scenarios could materially affect our loss estimates.

•Current borrower quality: Our forecast of expected losses depends on current borrower and transaction characteristics, including credit metrics and collateral type/quality. As borrower quality evolves, forecasted losses could be materially affected.

•Portfolio composition: Changes to portfolio volume and mix could materially affect our estimates, as CECL reserves

would be recognized upon origination or acquisition and derecognized upon paydown, maturity or sale.

We also incorporate qualitative factors in the ACL that reflect our best estimate of expected losses that may not be adequately represented in our quantitative methods or economic assumptions, as discussed below and in the Allowance for Credit Losses section of Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K.

For all assets and unfunded lending related commitments within the scope of the CECL standard, the applicable ACL is composed of one or a combination of the following components: (i) collectively assessed or pooled reserves, (ii) individually assessed reserves and

(iii) qualitative (judgmental) reserves. Through this approach, we believe the reserve levels appropriately reflect the expected credit losses in the portfolio as of the balance sheet date.

Our methodologies and key assumptions are further discussed in Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Reasonable and Supportable Economic Forecast

Pursuant to the CECL standard, we are required to consider reasonable and supportable forecasts in estimating expected credit losses. For this purpose, we have established a framework that includes a three-year forecast period and the use of four economic scenarios with associated probability weights, which in combination create a forecast of expected economic outcomes. Credit losses estimated in our reasonable and supportable forecast period are sensitive to the shape and severity of the scenarios used and weights assigned to them.

To forecast the distribution of economic outcomes over the reasonable and supportable forecast period, we generate four economic forecast scenarios using a combination of quantitative macroeconomic models, other measures of economic activity and forward-looking expert judgment. Each scenario is then given an associated probability (weight) to represent our current expectation within that distribution over the forecast period. This process is informed by current economic conditions, expected business cycle evolution and the expert judgment of PNC’s RAC. This approach seeks to provide a reasonable representation of the forecast of expected economic outcomes and is used to estimate expected credit losses across a variety of loans, securities and other financial assets. Each quarter, the scenarios and their respective weights are presented to RAC for approval.

The scenarios used for the period ended March 31, 2025 consider, among other factors, ongoing inflationary pressures and the corresponding tightness of monetary policy and credit availability. Given these factors, growth is expected to slow from current levels in the coming quarters. While recession risks remain elevated, our most-likely expectation at March 31, 2025 is that the U.S. economy avoids a recession. We believe the economic scenarios effectively reflect the distribution of potential economic outcomes.

We used a number of economic variables in our scenarios, with two of the most significant drivers being real GDP and the U.S. unemployment rate. The following table presents a comparison of these two economic variables based on the weighted-average scenario forecasts used in determining our ACL at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

Table 36: Key Macroeconomic Variables in CECL Weighted-Average Scenarios

			Assumptions as of March 31, 2025
			2025			2026			2027
U.S. real GDP (a)			0.8%			1.8%			2.1%
U.S. unemployment rate (b)			4.7%			4.9%			4.4%
			Assumptions as of December 31, 2024
			2025			2026			2027
U.S. real GDP (a)			0.7%			2.2%			2.2%
U.S. unemployment rate (b)			4.8%			4.7%			4.4%

(a)Represents year-over-year growth rates.

38    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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(b)Represents quarterly average rate at December 31, 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively.

Real GDP growth is expected to end 2025 at 0.8% on a weighted average basis, similar to the 0.7% assumed at December 31, 2024. Growth then rebounds to near 2%, where real GDP remains relatively stable through 2026 and 2027. The weighted-average unemployment rate is expected to end 2025 at 4.7%, also similar to the level assumed at December 31, 2024. The weighted-average unemployment rate is then expected to increase moderately, peaking at 5% in the third quarter of 2026, before decreasing to 4.4% by the end of 2027.

Qualitative Component

As further discussed in the Allowance for Credit Losses section of Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K, we incorporate qualitative reserves in the ACL through detailed analysis to reflect our best estimate of expected losses that may not be adequately represented in our quantitative methods or economic assumptions. Qualitative factors may include, but are not limited to, inherent forecasting limitations, model imprecision, timing of available information, and/or emerging and ongoing credit risks. At March 31, 2025, the qualitative framework considers PNC’s view of the current state of the economy, which continues to reflect uncertainty due to the fundamental change in office demand, tariff-driven pressures, interest rate movements and housing affordability. Our most significant qualitative factor was related to the office portfolio of the commercial real estate loan class.

See the following for additional information related to our ACL:

•Allowance for Credit Losses in the Credit Risk Management section of this Financial Review,

•Note 2 Investment Securities and Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses in this Report, and

•Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Accounting Standards Update			Description			Financial Statement Impact
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures - ASU 2023-09 Issued December 2023			• Required with issuance of 2025 Form 10-K; early adoption is permitted. • Requires public business entities to, on an annual basis, (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. • Requires that all entities disclose, on an annual basis, (1) the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received), disaggregated by federal (national), state and foreign taxes, and (2) the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received), disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid (net of refunds received) is equal to or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). • Allows for either a prospective or retrospective transition approach.			• We are currently evaluating the disclosure requirements of this ASU and do not plan to early adopt. • This ASU will not impact our Consolidated Income Statement, Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, Consolidated Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. • We expect to provide additional disaggregated income tax disclosures in accordance with this ASU.
Accounting Standards Update			Description			Financial Statement Impact
Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses - ASU 2024-03 Issued November 2024			• Required with issuance of 2027 Form 10-K; early adoption is permitted. • Requires public business entities to disclose, in the notes to financial statements and on an annual and interim basis, specified information about certain costs and expenses (including, if relevant: employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization). • Requires qualitative descriptions of amounts not separately disaggregated to be disclosed. • Requires disclosure of the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. • Allows for either a prospective or retrospective transition approach.			• We are currently evaluating the disclosure requirements within this ASU and do not plan to early adopt. • This ASU will not impact our Consolidated Income Statement, Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, Consolidated Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. • We expect to provide the disaggregated income statement expense disclosures in accordance with this ASU.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 39  

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INTERNAL CONTROLS AND DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of March 31, 2025, we performed an evaluation under the supervision of and with the participation of our management, including the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures and of changes in our internal control over financial reporting.

Based on that evaluation, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) were effective as of March 31, 2025, and that there has been no change in PNC’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the first quarter of 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

We make statements in this Report, and we may from time to time make other statements, regarding our outlook for financial performance, such as earnings, revenues, expenses, tax rates, capital and liquidity levels and ratios, asset levels, asset quality, financial position, and other matters regarding or affecting us and our future business and operations, including our sustainability strategy, that are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as “believe,” “plan,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “see,” “look,” “intend,” “outlook,” “project,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “goal,” “will,” “should” and other similar words and expressions.

Forward-looking statements are necessarily subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over time. Future events or circumstances may change our outlook and may also affect the nature of the assumptions, risks and uncertainties to which our forward-looking statements are subject. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. We do not assume any duty and do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements. Actual results or future events could differ, possibly materially, from those anticipated in forward-looking statements, as well as from historical performance. As a result, we caution against placing undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.

Our forward-looking statements are subject to the following principal risks and uncertainties. 

•Our businesses, financial results and balance sheet values are affected by business and economic conditions, including:

–Changes in interest rates and valuations in debt, equity and other financial markets,

–Disruptions in the U.S. and global financial markets,

–Actions by the Federal Reserve Board, U.S. Treasury and other government agencies, including those that impact money supply, market interest rates and inflation,

–Changes in customer behavior due to changing business and economic conditions or legislative or regulatory initiatives,

–Changes in customers’, suppliers’ and other counterparties’ performance and creditworthiness,

–Impacts of sanctions, tariffs and other trade policies of the U.S. and its global trading partners,

–Impacts of changes in federal, state and local governmental policy, including on the regulatory landscape, capital markets, taxes, infrastructure spending and social programs,

–Our ability to attract, recruit and retain skilled employees, and

–Commodity price volatility.

•Our forward-looking financial statements are subject to the risk that economic and financial market conditions will be substantially different than those we are currently expecting and do not take into account potential legal and regulatory contingencies. These statements are based on our views that:

–The economic fundamentals remain solid in the spring of 2025. The labor market remains strong, and job and income gains have supported consumer spending growth in early 2025. However, downside risks have materially increased with recent substantial changes to U.S. tariffs and corresponding policy changes by U.S. trading partners.

–PNC’s baseline forecast remains for continued expansion, but slower economic growth in 2025 than in 2024. High interest rates remain a drag on the economy, consumer spending growth will slow to a pace more consistent with household income growth, and government’s contribution to economic growth will be smaller.

–The baseline forecast is for real GDP growth of less than 1% in 2025 and between 1% and 2% in 2026, with the unemployment rate increasing to around 5% over the next year. However, the recent turbulence in trade policy indicates that growth may be significantly weaker than in this forecast and the unemployment rate higher. It remains to be seen the extent that policies will be implemented or persist. If implemented as proposed, higher prices will weigh on consumers and businesses, and retaliatory policy changes will weigh on U.S. exports. The large decline in equity prices will also be a drag on consumer spending. The longer the ongoing trade dispute persists, the greater the likelihood of near-term recession.

–The baseline forecast is for four federal funds rate cuts of 25 basis points each in 2025, starting in July. This would take the federal funds rate to a range between 3.25% and 3.50% at the end of 2025. High inflation could mean less monetary easing than in the forecast, but if the economy enters recession the Federal Reserve could cut the federal

40    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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funds rate more aggressively this year.

•PNC’s ability to take certain capital actions, including returning capital to shareholders, is subject to PNC meeting or exceeding minimum capital levels, including a stress capital buffer established by the Federal Reserve Board in connection with the Federal Reserve Board’s CCAR process.

•PNC’s regulatory capital ratios in the future will depend on, among other things, PNC’s financial performance, the scope and terms of final capital regulations then in effect and management actions affecting the composition of PNC’s balance sheet. In addition, PNC’s ability to determine, evaluate and forecast regulatory capital ratios, and to take actions (such as capital distributions) based on actual or forecasted capital ratios, will be dependent at least in part on the development, validation and regulatory review of related models and the reliability of and risks resulting from extensive use of such models.

•Legal and regulatory developments could have an impact on our ability to operate our businesses, financial condition, results of operations, competitive position, reputation, or pursuit of attractive acquisition opportunities. Reputational impacts could affect matters such as business generation and retention, liquidity, funding and ability to attract and retain employees. These developments could include:

–Changes to laws and regulations, including changes affecting oversight of the financial services industry, changes in the enforcement and interpretation of such laws and regulations and changes in accounting and reporting standards.

–Unfavorable resolution of legal proceedings or other claims and regulatory and other governmental investigations or other inquiries resulting in monetary losses, costs, or alterations in our business practices and potentially causing reputational harm to PNC.

–Results of the regulatory examination and supervision process, including our failure to satisfy requirements of agreements with governmental agencies.

–Costs associated with obtaining rights in intellectual property claimed by others and of adequacy of our intellectual property protection in general.

•Business and operating results are affected by our ability to identify and effectively manage risks inherent in our businesses, including, where appropriate, through effective use of systems and controls, third-party insurance, derivatives, and capital management techniques and to meet evolving regulatory capital and liquidity standards.

•Our reputation and business and operating results may be affected by our ability to appropriately meet or address environmental, social or governance targets, goals, commitments or concerns that may arise.

•We grow our business in part through acquisitions and new strategic initiatives. Risks and uncertainties include those presented by the nature of the business acquired and strategic initiative, including in some cases those associated with our entry into new businesses or new geographic or other markets and risks resulting from our inexperience in those new areas, as well as risks and uncertainties related to the acquisition transactions themselves, regulatory issues, the integration of the acquired businesses into PNC after closing or any failure to execute strategic or operational plans.

•Competition can have an impact on customer acquisition, growth and retention and on credit spreads and product pricing, which can affect market share, deposits and revenues. Our ability to anticipate and respond to technological changes can also impact our ability to respond to customer needs and meet competitive demands.

•Business and operating results can also be affected by widespread manmade, natural and other disasters (including severe weather events), health emergencies, dislocations, geopolitical instabilities or events, terrorist activities, system failures or disruptions, security breaches, cyberattacks, international hostilities, or other extraordinary events beyond PNC’s control through impacts on the economy and financial markets generally or on us or our counterparties, customers or third-party vendors and service providers specifically.

We provide greater detail regarding these as well as other factors in our 2024 Form 10-K and elsewhere in this Report, including in the Risk Factors and Risk Management sections and the Legal Proceedings and Commitments Notes in these reports. Our forward-looking statements may also be subject to other risks and uncertainties, including those discussed elsewhere in this Report or in our other filings with the SEC.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 41  

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CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.

Unaudited			Three months ended March 31
In millions, except per share data			2025						2024
Interest Income
Loans			$	4,472					$	4,819
Investment securities			1,124						883
Other			534						798
Total interest income			6,130						6,500
Interest Expense
Deposits			1,808						2,077
Borrowed funds			846						1,159
Total interest expense			2,654						3,236
Net interest income			3,476						3,264
Noninterest Income
Asset management and brokerage			391						364
Capital markets and advisory			306						259
Card and cash management			692						671
Lending and deposit services			316						305
Residential and commercial mortgage			134						147
Other			137						135
Total noninterest income			1,976						1,881
Total revenue			5,452						5,145
Provision For Credit Losses			219						155
Noninterest Expense
Personnel			1,890						1,794
Occupancy			245						244
Equipment			384						341
Marketing			85						64
Other			783						891
Total noninterest expense			3,387						3,334
Income before income taxes and noncontrolling interests			1,846						1,656
Income taxes			347						312
Net income			1,499						1,344
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests			18						14
Preferred stock dividends			71						81
Preferred stock discount accretion and redemptions			2						2
Net income attributable to common shareholders			$	1,408					$	1,247
Earnings Per Common Share
Basic			$	3.52					$	3.10
Diluted			$	3.51					$	3.10
Average Common Shares Outstanding
Basic			398						400
Diluted			398						400

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

42    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.

Unaudited In millions						Three months ended March 31
						2025			2024
Net income						$	1,499		$	1,344
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax and net of reclassifications into Net income
Net change in debt securities						929			(179)
Net change in cash flow hedge derivatives						825			(250)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plan adjustments						(2)			(2)
Net change in Other						(1)			(2)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax and net of reclassifications into Net income						1,751			(433)
Income tax benefit (expense) related to items of other comprehensive income						(423)			103
Other comprehensive income (loss), after tax and net of reclassifications into Net income						1,328			(330)
Comprehensive income						2,827			1,014
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests						18			14
Comprehensive income attributable to PNC						$	2,809		$	1,000

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 43  

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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.

Unaudited			March 31 2025						December 31 2024
In millions, except par value
Assets
Cash and due from banks			$	6,102					$	6,904
Interest-earning deposits with banks			32,298						39,347
Loans held for sale (a)			1,236						850
Investment securities – available-for-sale			63,318						62,039
Investment securities – held-to-maturity			74,457						77,693
Loans (a)			318,850						316,467
Allowance for loan and lease losses			(4,544)						(4,486)
Net loans			314,306						311,981
Equity investments			9,448						9,600
Mortgage servicing rights			3,564						3,711
Goodwill			10,932						10,932
Other (a)			39,061						36,981
Total assets			$	554,722					$	560,038
Liabilities
Deposits
Noninterest-bearing			$	92,369					$	92,641
Interest-bearing (b)			330,546						334,097
Total deposits			422,915						426,738
Borrowed funds
Federal Home Loan Bank advances			18,000						22,000
Senior debt			34,987						32,497
Subordinated debt			4,163						4,104
Other (b)			3,572						3,072
Total borrowed funds			60,722						61,673
Allowance for unfunded lending related commitments			674						719
Accrued expenses and other liabilities (b)			13,960						16,439
Total liabilities			498,271						505,569
Equity
Preferred stock (c)			—						—
Common stock ($5 par value, Authorized 800,000,000 shares, issued 543,310,646 and 543,310,646 shares)			2,717						2,717
Capital surplus			18,731						18,710
Retained earnings			60,051						59,282
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			(5,237)						(6,565)
Common stock held in treasury at cost: 147,519,772 and 147,373,633 shares			(19,857)						(19,719)
Total shareholders’ equity			56,405						54,425
Noncontrolling interests			46						44
Total equity			56,451						54,469
Total liabilities and equity			$	554,722					$	560,038

(a)Our consolidated assets included the following for which we have elected the fair value option: Loans held for sale of $1.0 billion, Loans held for investment of $1.1 billion and Other assets of $0.1 billion at March 31, 2025. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $0.8 billion, $1.2 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively.

(b)Our consolidated liabilities included the following for which we have elected the fair value option: Interest-bearing deposits of $1.2 billion, Other borrowed funds of less than $0.1 billion and Other liabilities of $0.1 billion at March 31, 2025. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $0, less than $0.1 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively.

(c)Par value less than $0.5 million at each date.

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

44    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.

Unaudited In millions						Three months ended March 31
						2025						2024
Operating Activities
Net income						$	1,499					$	1,344
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by operating activities
Provision for credit losses						219						155
Depreciation, amortization and accretion						90						37
Deferred income taxes (benefit)						(47)						(44)
Changes in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						191						(43)
Net change in
Trading securities and other short-term investments						(1,495)						434
Loans held for sale and related securitization activity						(297)						11
Other assets						964						(300)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities						(1,611)						(263)
Other operating activities, net						(22)						427
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities						$	(509)					$	1,758
Investing Activities
Sales
Securities available-for-sale						$	1,241					$	(63)
Loans						143						96
Repayments/maturities
Securities available-for-sale						1,671						1,056
Securities held-to-maturity						3,480						2,883
Purchases
Securities available-for-sale						(4,098)						(1,766)
Securities held-to-maturity						(31)						(56)
Loans						(403)						(279)
Net change in
Federal funds sold and resale agreements						(445)						(4)
Loans						(2,393)						1,667
Other investing activities, net						(145)						(91)
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities						$	(980)					$	3,443

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 45  

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.

(Continued from previous page)
Unaudited In millions						Three months ended March 31
						2025						2024
Financing Activities
Net change in
Noninterest-bearing deposits						$	(272)					$	(3,260)
Interest-bearing deposits						(3,551)						7,430
Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements						(3)						(167)
Other borrowed funds						419						95
Sales/issuances
Senior debt						2,742						2,490
Other borrowed funds						—						181
Common and treasury stock						25						24
Repayments/maturities
Federal Home Loan Bank advances						(4,000)						(1,000)
Senior debt						(750)						(1,050)
Other borrowed funds						—						(196)
Acquisition of treasury stock						(262)						(223)
Preferred stock cash dividends paid						(71)						(81)
Common stock cash dividends paid						(639)						(624)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities						$	(6,362)					$	3,619
Net Increase (Decrease) In Cash, Cash Equivalents And Restricted Cash (a)						$	(7,851)					$	8,820
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period						46,251						50,725
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period						$	38,400					$	59,545
Cash, Cash Equivalents And Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period (unrestricted cash)						$	37,408					$	58,611
Restricted cash						992						934
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period						$	38,400					$	59,545
Supplemental Disclosures
Interest paid						$	2,706					$	2,861
Income taxes paid						$	77					$	35
Income taxes refunded						$	1					$	6
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities						$	73					$	75
Non-cash Investing And Financing Items
Transfer from loans to loans held for sale, net						$	90					$	8
Transfer from loans to foreclosed assets						$	12					$	13

(a)In the second quarter of 2024, we updated our policy for cash and cash equivalents to include interest-earning deposits with banks. See Note 1 Accounting Policies for additional information regarding this change to our cash and cash equivalents policy.

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

46    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.

Unaudited

See page 90 for a glossary of certain terms and acronyms used in this Report.

BUSINESS

PNC is one of the largest diversified financial services companies in the U.S. and is headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

We have businesses engaged in retail banking, corporate and institutional banking and asset management, providing many of our products and services nationally. Our retail branch network is located coast-to-coast. We also have strategic international offices in four countries outside the U.S.

NOTE 1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Financial Statement Presentation

Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the parent company and its subsidiaries, most of which are wholly-owned, certain partnership interests and VIEs.

We prepared these consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. We have eliminated intercompany accounts and transactions. We have also reclassified certain prior-year amounts to conform to the current period presentation, which did not have a

material impact on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations. Effective for the second quarter of 2024, we updated our policy to classify Interest-earning deposits with banks as Cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows when reconciling Cash and due from banks and restricted cash.

In our opinion, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal, recurring adjustments needed to state fairly our results for the interim periods. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year or any other interim period.

We have also considered the impact of subsequent events on these consolidated financial statements through the date of issuance of the consolidated financials.

When preparing these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements, we have assumed that you have read the audited consolidated financial statements included in our 2024 Form 10-K. Reference is made to Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for a detailed description of significant accounting policies. These interim consolidated financial statements serve to update our 2024 Form 10-K and may not include all information and Notes necessary to constitute a complete set of financial statements.

Use of Estimates

We prepared these consolidated financial statements using financial information available at the time of preparation, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Our most significant estimates pertain to the ACL and our fair value measurements. Actual results may differ from the estimates, and the differences may be material to the consolidated financial statements.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash and due from banks are considered cash and cash equivalents for financial reporting purposes because they represent a

source of liquidity. Certain cash balances within Cash and due from banks on our Consolidated Balance Sheet are restricted as to

withdrawal or usage by legally binding contractual agreements or regulatory requirements.

Effective for the second quarter of 2024, we updated our policy to classify Interest-earning deposits with banks as Cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows when reconciling Cash and due from banks and restricted cash. We believe this presentation enhances the usefulness of financial reporting because management views these funds as a source of liquidity for future transactions, while enhancing comparability to align with industry practice. There is no impact to our Consolidated Income Statement (including earnings per share), Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, Consolidated Balance Sheet, or Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity. All periods presented herein reflect this change.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 47  

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To reflect the change in accounting policy, we adjusted the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This included an adjustment of $9.8 billion from Net cash provided (used) by investing activities to Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period. The $9.8 billion was previously reported in Net change in Interest-earning deposits with banks. Additionally, we included $43.8 billion of Interest-earning deposits with banks in Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period, and $53.6 billion of Interest-earning deposits with banks in Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for recently adopted accounting standards. We did not adopt any new accounting standards during the first three months of 2025.

NOTE 2 INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following table summarizes our available-for-sale and held-to-maturity portfolios by major security type:

Table 37: Investment Securities Summary (a) (b)

						March 31, 2025																											December 31, 2024
In millions						Amortized Cost (c)						Unrealized												Fair Value									Amortized Cost (c)						Unrealized												Fair Value
												Gains						Losses																					Gains						Losses
Securities Available-for-Sale
U.S. Treasury and government agencies						$	24,754					$	103					$	(353)					$	24,504								$	23,962					$	25					$	(436)					$	23,551
Residential mortgage-backed
Agency						33,157						69						(2,512)						30,714									33,589						28						(2,991)						30,626
Non-agency						489						111						(4)						596									504						105						(6)						603
Commercial mortgage-backed
Agency						2,548						5						(100)						2,453									2,077						1						(133)						1,945
Non-agency						613						—						(10)						603									706						—						(15)						691
Asset-backed						2,289						42						(1)						2,330									2,353						42						(3)						2,392
Other						2,174						42						(98)						2,118									2,307						42						(118)						2,231
Total securities available-for-sale						$	66,024					$	372					$	(3,078)					$	63,318								$	65,498					$	243					$	(3,702)					$	62,039
Securities Held-to-Maturity
U.S. Treasury and government agencies						$	27,789					$	15					$	(619)					$	27,185								$	29,420					$	—					$	(896)					$	28,524
Residential mortgage-backed
Agency						39,378						65						(2,960)						36,483									40,171						16						(3,696)						36,491
Non-agency						236						—						(16)						220									240						—						(21)						219
Commercial mortgage-backed
Agency						922						8						(15)						915									955						3						(28)						930
Non-agency						644						4						(3)						645									836						3						(7)						832
Asset-backed						2,926						39						(10)						2,955									3,380						37						(16)						3,401
Other						2,562						14						(53)						2,523									2,691						19						(49)						2,661
Total securities held-to-maturity (d)						$	74,457					$	145					$	(3,676)					$	70,926								$	77,693					$	78					$	(4,713)					$	73,058

(a) At March 31, 2025, the accrued interest associated with our held-to-maturity and available-for-sale portfolios totaled $204 million and $259 million, respectively. The comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $242 million and $328 million, respectively. These amounts are included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(b) Credit ratings represent a primary credit quality indicator used to monitor and manage credit risk. Of our total securities portfolio, 97% were rated AAA/AA at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

(c) Amortized cost is presented net of allowance of $63 million for securities available-for-sale, primarily related to non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities, and $5 million for securities held-to-maturity at March 31, 2025. The comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $86 million and $5 million, respectively.

(d) Held-to-maturity securities transferred from available-for-sale are included in held-to-maturity at fair value at the time of the transfer. The amortized cost of held-to-maturity securities included net unrealized losses of $3.2 billion at March 31, 2025 related to securities transferred, which are offset in AOCI, net of tax. The comparable amount at December 31, 2024 was $3.4 billion.

The fair value of investment securities is impacted by interest rates, credit spreads, market volatility and liquidity conditions. Securities available-for-sale are carried at fair value with net unrealized gains and losses included in Total shareholders’ equity as AOCI, unless credit-related. Net unrealized gains and losses are determined by taking the difference between the fair value of a security and its amortized cost, net of any allowance. Securities held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost, net of any allowance. Investment securities at March 31, 2025 included $335 million of net unsettled purchases that represent non-cash investing activity, and accordingly, are not reflected on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The comparable amount at March 31, 2024 was $262 million of net unsettled purchases.

48    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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We maintain the allowance for investment securities at levels that we believe to be appropriate as of the balance sheet date to absorb expected credit losses on our portfolio. At March 31, 2025, the allowance for investment securities was $68 million and primarily related to non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities in the available-for-sale portfolio. The comparable amount at December 31, 2024 was $91 million. See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for a discussion of the methodologies used to determine the allowance for investment securities.

At March 31, 2025, AOCI included pretax losses of $271 million from derivatives that hedged the purchase of investment securities classified as held-to-maturity. The losses will be accreted to interest income as an adjustment of yield on the securities.

Table 38 presents the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities available-for-sale that do not have an associated allowance for investment securities at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. These securities are segregated between investments that had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and twelve months or more, based on the point in time that the fair value declined below the amortized cost basis. All securities included in the table have been evaluated to determine if a credit loss exists. As part of that assessment, as of March 31, 2025, we concluded that we do not intend to sell and believe we will not be required to sell these securities prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis.

 

Table 38: Gross Unrealized Loss and Fair Value of Securities Available-for-Sale Without an Allowance for Credit Losses

						Unrealized loss position less than 12 months												Unrealized loss position 12 months or more												Total
In millions						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value
March 31, 2025
U.S. Treasury and government agencies						$	(5)					$	7,764					$	(348)					$	1,874					$	(353)					$	9,638
Residential mortgage-backed
Agency						(15)						2,659						(2,497)						19,358						(2,512)						22,017
Non-agency						—						—						(2)						33						(2)						33
Commercial mortgage-backed
Agency						(3)						290						(97)						1,391						(100)						1,681
Non-agency						—						—						(10)						499						(10)						499
Asset-backed						—						—						—						—						—						—
Other						(3)						62						(79)						1,626						(82)						1,688
Total securities available-for-sale						$	(26)					$	10,775					$	(3,033)					$	24,781					$	(3,059)					$	35,556
December 31, 2024
U.S. Treasury and government agencies						$	(70)					$	17,500					$	(366)					$	1,824					$	(436)					$	19,324
Residential mortgage-backed
Agency						(65)						6,163						(2,926)						19,595						(2,991)						25,758
Non-agency						—						—						(3)						41						(3)						41
Commercial mortgage-backed
Agency						(8)						501						(125)						1,388						(133)						1,889
Non-agency						—						—						(15)						559						(15)						559
Asset-backed						(2)						226						(1)						8						(3)						234
Other						(2)						99						(98)						1,734						(100)						1,833
Total securities available-for-sale						$	(147)					$	24,489					$	(3,534)					$	25,149					$	(3,681)					$	49,638

Information related to gross realized securities gains and losses from the sales of securities is set forth in the following table:

Table 39: Gains (Losses) on Sales of Securities Available-for-Sale

Three months ended March 31 In millions						Gross Gains			Gross Losses			Net Gains (Losses)			Tax Expense (Benefit)
2025						$	2		$	(4)		$	(2)		$	—
2024						$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 49  

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The following table presents, by remaining contractual maturity, the amortized cost, fair value and weighted-average yield of debt securities at March 31, 2025:

Table 40: Contractual Maturity of Debt Securities

March 31, 2025 Dollars in millions						1 Year or Less						After 1 Year through 5 Years						After 5 Years through 10 Years						After 10 Years						Total
Securities Available-for-Sale
U.S. Treasury and government agencies						$	376					$	10,961					$	11,246					$	2,171					$	24,754
Residential mortgage-backed
Agency						3						310						3,502						29,342						33,157
Non-agency						—						—						47						442						489
Commercial mortgage-backed
Agency						60						1,422						151						915						2,548
Non-agency						—						100						82						431						613
Asset-backed						—						834						316						1,139						2,289
Other						233						1,590						216						135						2,174
Total securities available-for-sale at amortized cost						$	672					$	15,217					$	15,560					$	34,575					$	66,024
Fair value						$	670					$	15,142					$	15,374					$	32,132					$	63,318
Weighted-average yield, GAAP basis (a)						3.18		%				3.68		%				4.17		%				3.82		%				3.86		%
Securities Held-to-Maturity
U.S. Treasury and government agencies						$	9,187					$	16,300					$	1,447					$	855					$	27,789
Residential mortgage-backed
Agency						—						7						335						39,036						39,378
Non-agency						—						—						—						236						236
Commercial mortgage-backed
Agency						—						277						437						208						922
Non-agency						—						36						—						608						644
Asset-backed						8						776						1,164						978						2,926
Other						284						778						274						1,226						2,562
Total securities held-to-maturity at amortized cost						$	9,479					$	18,174					$	3,657					$	43,147					$	74,457
Fair value						$	9,411					$	17,811					$	3,538					$	40,166					$	70,926
Weighted-average yield, GAAP basis (a)						1.31		%				1.78		%				2.74		%				2.92		%				2.43		%

(a)Weighted-average yields are based on amortized cost with effective yields weighted for the contractual maturity of each security. Actual maturities and yields may differ as certain securities may be prepaid.

The following table presents the fair value of securities that have been either pledged to or accepted from others to collateralize outstanding borrowings:

Table 41: Fair Value of Securities Pledged and Accepted as Collateral

In millions			March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Pledged to others			$	67,334		$	69,330
Accepted from others:
Permitted by contract or custom to sell or repledge			$	1,677		$	1,231
Permitted amount repledged to others			$	1,677		$	1,231

The securities pledged to others include positions held in our portfolio of investment securities, trading securities and securities accepted as collateral from others that we are permitted by contract or custom to sell or repledge. Such securities were pledged to the Federal Reserve and pledged to secure public and trust deposits, repurchase agreements and for other purposes. See Note 12 Financial Derivatives for information related to securities pledged and accepted as collateral for derivatives.

50    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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NOTE 3 LOANS AND RELATED ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

Loan Portfolio

Our loan portfolio consists of two portfolio segments – Commercial and Consumer. Each of these segments comprises multiple loan classes. Classes are characterized by similarities in risk attributes and the manner in which we monitor and assess credit risk.

Commercial						Consumer
• Commercial and industrial						• Residential real estate
• Commercial real estate						• Home equity
• Equipment lease financing						• Automobile
						• Credit card
						• Education
						• Other consumer

See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on our loan related policies.

Credit Quality

We closely monitor economic conditions and loan performance trends to manage and evaluate our exposure to credit risk within the loan portfolio based on our defined loan classes. In doing so, we use several credit quality indicators, including, but not limited to, trends in delinquency rates, nonperforming status, analyses of PD and LGD ratings, updated credit scores and originated and updated LTV ratios.

We manage credit risk based on the risk profile of the borrower, repayment sources, underlying collateral and other support given current events, economic conditions and expectations. We refine our practices to address operating environment changes such as inflation levels, industry specific risks (including tariffs), interest rate levels, the level of consumer savings and deposit balances, and structural and secular changes such as those that arose from the pandemic. We offer loan modifications and collection programs to assist our customers, enhance support and mitigate losses.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 51  

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Table 42 presents the composition and delinquency status of our loan portfolio at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Loan delinquencies include government insured or guaranteed loans and loans accounted for under the fair value option.

Table 42: Analysis of Loan Portfolio (a) (b)

			Accruing
Dollars in millions			Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due			30-59 Days Past Due			60-89 Days Past Due			90 Days or More Past Due			Total Past Due (c)						Nonperforming Loans			Fair Value Option Nonaccrual Loans (d)			Total Loans (e)(f)
March 31, 2025
Commercial
Commercial and industrial			$	179,616		$	216		$	34		$	75		$	325					$	596		$	—		$	180,537
Commercial real estate			31,450			6			—			—			6						851			—			32,307
Equipment lease financing			6,660			41			11			—			52						20			—			6,732
Total commercial			217,726			263			45			75			383						1,467			—			219,576
Consumer
Residential real estate			44,767			287			132			183			602			(c)			287			234			45,890
Home equity			25,267			71			28			—			99						437			43			25,846
Automobile			15,142			73			19			7			99						83			—			15,324
Credit card			6,386			45			33			71			149						15			—			6,550
Education			1,522			25			14			36			75			(c)			—			—			1,597
Other consumer			4,040			10			7			7			24						3			—			4,067
Total consumer			97,124			511			233			304			1,048						825			277			99,274
Total			$	314,850		$	774		$	278		$	379		$	1,431					$	2,292		$	277		$	318,850
Percentage of total loans			98.74		%	0.24		%	0.09		%	0.12		%	0.45		%				0.72		%	0.09		%	100.00		%
December 31, 2024
Commercial
Commercial and industrial			$	174,988		$	159		$	43		$	72		$	274					$	528		$	—		$	175,790
Commercial real estate			32,657			25			18			—			43						919			—			33,619
Equipment lease financing			6,687			41			12			—			53						15			—			6,755
Total commercial			214,332			225			73			72			370						1,462			—			216,164
Consumer
Residential real estate			45,134			234			106			188			528			(c)			278			475			46,415
Home equity			25,351			71			26			—			97						482			61			25,991
Automobile			15,155			83			22			9			114						86			—			15,355
Credit card			6,696			49			38			81			168						15			—			6,879
Education			1,557			25			15			39			79			(c)			—			—			1,636
Other consumer			3,998			10			8			8			26						3			—			4,027
Total consumer			97,891			472			215			325			1,012						864			536			100,303
Total			$	312,223		$	697		$	288		$	397		$	1,382					$	2,326		$	536		$	316,467
Percentage of total loans			98.66		%	0.22		%	0.09		%	0.13		%	0.44		%				0.73		%	0.17		%	100.00		%

(a)Amounts in table represent loans held for investment and do not include any associated ALLL.

(b)The accrued interest associated with our loan portfolio totaled $1.3 billion at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. These amounts are included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(c)Past due loan amounts include government insured or guaranteed residential real estate loans and education loans totaling $0.2 billion and $0.1 billion at March 31, 2025, respectively. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $0.3 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively.

(d)Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option for which we do not expect to collect substantially all principal and interest are subject to nonaccrual accounting and classification upon meeting any of our nonaccrual policy criteria. Given that these loans are not accounted for at amortized cost, they have been excluded from the nonperforming loan population.

(e)Includes unearned income, unamortized deferred fees and costs on originated loans and premiums or discounts on purchased loans totaling $0.9 billion and $1.0 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(f)Collateral dependent loans totaled $1.6 billion at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

At March 31, 2025, we pledged unpaid principal balances in the amounts of $44.5 billion of commercial and other loans to the FRB and $84.9 billion of residential real estate and other loans to the FHLB as collateral for the ability to borrow, if necessary. The comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $43.4 billion and $89.0 billion, respectively.

Nonperforming Assets

Nonperforming assets include nonperforming loans and leases, OREO and foreclosed assets. Nonperforming loans are those loans accounted for at amortized cost whose credit quality has deteriorated to the extent that full collection of contractual principal and interest is not probable. Interest income is generally not recognized on these loans. Loans accounted for under the fair value option are reported as performing loans; however, when nonaccrual criteria is met, interest income is not recognized on these loans. Additionally,

52    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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certain government insured or guaranteed loans for which we expect to collect substantially all principal and interest are not reported as nonperforming loans and continue to accrue interest. See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on our nonperforming loan and lease policies.

The following table presents our nonperforming assets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

Table 43: Nonperforming Assets

Dollars in millions						March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Nonperforming loans
Commercial						$	1,467					$	1,462
Consumer (a)						825						864
Total nonperforming loans (b)						2,292						2,326
OREO and foreclosed assets						32						31
Total nonperforming assets						$	2,324					$	2,357
Nonperforming loans to total loans						0.72		%				0.73		%
Nonperforming assets to total loans, OREO and foreclosed assets						0.73		%				0.74		%
Nonperforming assets to total assets						0.42		%				0.42		%

(a)Excludes most unsecured consumer loans and lines of credit, which are charged off after 120 to 180 days past due and are not placed on nonperforming status.

(b)Nonperforming loans for which there is no related ALLL totaled $0.6 billion at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. This primarily includes loans with a fair value of collateral that exceeds the amortized cost basis.

Additional Credit Quality Indicators by Loan Class

Commercial Loan Classes

See Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information related to these loan classes, including discussion around the credit quality indicators that we use to monitor and manage the credit risk associated with each loan class.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 53  

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The following table presents credit quality indicators for our commercial loan classes:

Table 44: Commercial Credit Quality Indicators (a)

			Term Loans by Origination Year
March 31, 2025 In millions			2025						2024			2023			2022			2021			Prior			Revolving Loans			Revolving Loans Converted to Term			Total
Commercial and industrial
Pass Rated			$	5,802					$	20,332		$	12,582		$	16,501		$	4,937		$	14,766		$	95,538		$	441		$	170,899
Criticized			147						726			722			1,577			541			669			5,184			72			9,638
Total commercial and industrial loans			5,949						21,058			13,304			18,078			5,478			15,435			100,722			513			180,537
Gross charge-offs (b)			5			(c)			17			32			5			1			2			40			1			103
Commercial real estate
Pass Rated			493						2,433			5,068			6,013			1,802			10,288			360			—			26,457
Criticized			—						219			682			2,292			422			2,207			28			—			5,850
Total commercial real estate loans			493						2,652			5,750			8,305			2,224			12,495			388			—			32,307
Gross charge-offs (b)			—						—			—			—			5			13			—			—			18
Equipment lease financing
Pass Rated			342						1,713			1,197			1,061			432			1,714			—			—			6,459
Criticized			7						60			75			70			30			31			—			—			273
Total equipment lease financing loans			349						1,773			1,272			1,131			462			1,745			—			—			6,732
Gross charge-offs (b)			—						2			2			3			2			1			—			—			10
Total commercial loans			$	6,791					$	25,483		$	20,326		$	27,514		$	8,164		$	29,675		$	101,110		$	513		$	219,576
Total commercial gross charge-offs			$	5					$	19		$	34		$	8		$	8		$	16		$	40		$	1		$	131

			Term Loans by Origination Year
December 31, 2024 In millions			2024						2023			2022			2021			2020			Prior			Revolving Loans			Revolving Loans Converted to Term			Total
Commercial and industrial
Pass Rated			$	22,145					$	13,815		$	17,043		$	5,275		$	4,594		$	11,270		$	91,389		$	522		$	166,053
Criticized			761						878			1,856			601			144			580			4,868			49			9,737
Total commercial and industrial loans			22,906						14,693			18,899			5,876			4,738			11,850			96,257			571			175,790
Gross charge-offs (b)			22			(c)			32			51			25			5			7			133			53			328
Commercial real estate
Pass Rated			2,331						5,575			6,875			2,232			1,220			9,685			423			—			28,341
Criticized			141						335			1,974			485			465			1,853			25			—			5,278
Total commercial real estate loans			2,472						5,910			8,849			2,717			1,685			11,538			448			—			33,619
Gross charge-offs (b)			28						5			—			2			1			322			—			—			358
Equipment lease financing
Pass Rated			1,814						1,264			1,112			478			478			1,305			—			—			6,451
Criticized			51						79			88			35			21			30			—			—			304
Total equipment lease financing loans			1,865						1,343			1,200			513			499			1,335			—			—			6,755
Gross charge-offs (b)			1						6			12			5			4			6			—			—			34
Total commercial loans			$	27,243					$	21,946		$	28,948		$	9,106		$	6,922		$	24,723		$	96,705		$	571		$	216,164
Total commercial gross charge-offs			$	51					$	43		$	63		$	32		$	10		$	335		$	133		$	53		$	720

(a)Loans in our commercial portfolio are classified as Pass Rated or Criticized based on the regulatory definitions, which are driven by the PD and LGD ratings that we assign. The Criticized classification includes loans that were rated special mention, substandard or doubtful as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

(b)Gross charge-offs are presented on a year-to-date basis, as of the period end date.

(c)Includes charge-offs of deposit overdrafts.

Consumer Loan Classes

See Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information related to these loan classes, including discussion around the credit quality indicators that we use to monitor and manage the credit risk associated with each loan class.

54    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Residential Real Estate and Home Equity

The following table presents credit quality indicators for our residential real estate and home equity loan classes:

Table 45: Credit Quality Indicators for Residential Real Estate and Home Equity Loan Classes

			Term Loans by Origination Year
March 31, 2025 In millions			2025			2024			2023			2022			2021			Prior			Revolving Loans			Revolving Loans Converted to Term			Total
Residential real estate
Current estimated LTV ratios
Greater than 100%			$	—		$	17		$	65		$	96		$	61		$	55		$	—		$	—		$	294
Greater than or equal to 80% to 100%			140			441			495			868			552			273			—			—			2,769
Less than 80%			258			2,094			3,885			8,377			13,800			13,781			—			—			42,195
No LTV available			—			—			—			—			9			3			—			—			12
Government insured or guaranteed loans			—			2			18			24			18			558			—			—			620
Total residential real estate loans			$	398		$	2,554		$	4,463		$	9,365		$	14,440		$	14,670		$	—		$	—		$	45,890
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	203		$	1,764		$	3,079		$	7,363		$	11,440		$	9,217		$	—		$	—		$	33,066
720 to 779			163			660			829			1,447			2,133			2,577			—			—			7,809
660 to 719			26			113			289			427			596			1,096			—			—			2,547
Less than 660			6			15			116			96			170			807			—			—			1,210
No FICO score available			—			—			132			8			83			415			—			—			638
Government insured or guaranteed loans			—			2			18			24			18			558			—			—			620
Total residential real estate loans			$	398		$	2,554		$	4,463		$	9,365		$	14,440		$	14,670		$	—		$	—		$	45,890
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1		$	1		$	—		$	—		$	2
Home equity (b)
Current estimated LTV ratios
Greater than 100%			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1		$	30		$	381		$	405		$	817
Greater than or equal to 80% to 100%			—			—			—			—			4			58			1,125			1,612			2,799
Less than 80%			—			—			—			—			139			4,309			6,959			10,823			22,230
Total home equity loans			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	144		$	4,397		$	8,465		$	12,840		$	25,846
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	93		$	2,769		$	4,852		$	6,168		$	13,882
720 to 779			—			—			—			—			33			895			2,229			3,195			6,352
660 to 719			—			—			—			—			12			428			1,172			2,076			3,688
Less than 660			—			—			—			—			6			297			205			1,358			1,866
No FICO score available			—			—			—			—			—			8			7			43			58
Total home equity loans			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	144		$	4,397		$	8,465		$	12,840		$	25,846
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	4		$	5		$	9

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 55  

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(Continued from previous page)			Term Loans by Origination Year
December 31, 2024 In millions			2024			2023			2022			2021			2020			Prior			Revolving Loans			Revolving Loans Converted to Term			Total
Residential real estate
Current estimated LTV ratios
Greater than 100%			$	10		$	55		$	85		$	52		$	23		$	32		$	—		$	—		$	257
Greater than or equal to 80% to 100%			591			485			954			601			171			111			—			—			2,913
Less than 80%			2,043			4,039			8,450			13,958			6,084			8,039			—			—			42,613
No LTV available			—			—			—			9			—			3			—			—			12
Government insured or guaranteed loans			1			16			23			17			66			497			—			—			620
Total residential real estate loans			$	2,645		$	4,595		$	9,512		$	14,637		$	6,344		$	8,682		$	—		$	—		$	46,415
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	1,730		$	3,264		$	7,584		$	11,723		$	4,683		$	4,858		$	—		$	—		$	33,842
720 to 779			789			805			1,406			2,035			1,004			1,567			—			—			7,606
660 to 719			115			270			401			620			324			784			—			—			2,514
Less than 660			9			108			90			156			116			696			—			—			1,175
No FICO score available			1			132			8			86			151			280			—			—			658
Government insured or guaranteed loans			1			16			23			17			66			497			—			—			620
Total residential real estate loans			$	2,645		$	4,595		$	9,512		$	14,637		$	6,344		$	8,682		$	—		$	—		$	46,415
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1		$	—		$	2		$	—		$	—		$	3
Home equity (b)
Current estimated LTV ratios
Greater than 100%			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1		$	12		$	17		$	368		$	372		$	770
Greater than or equal to 80% to 100%			—			—			—			5			31			30			1,098			1,619			2,783
Less than 80%			—			—			—			141			1,670			2,807			6,907			10,913			22,438
Total home equity loans			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	147		$	1,713		$	2,854		$	8,373		$	12,904		$	25,991
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	94		$	1,145		$	1,753		$	4,720		$	6,211		$	13,923
720 to 779			—			—			—			34			352			572			2,251			3,274			6,483
660 to 719			—			—			—			14			151			289			1,193			2,085			3,732
Less than 660			—			—			—			5			63			234			202			1,290			1,794
No FICO score available			—			—			—			—			2			6			7			44			59
Total home equity loans			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	147		$	1,713		$	2,854		$	8,373		$	12,904		$	25,991
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1		$	16		$	19		$	36

(a)Gross charge-offs are presented on a year-to-date basis, as of the period end date.

(b)Beginning January 1, 2022, new originations consist of only revolving home equity lines of credit.

56    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Automobile, Credit Card, Education and Other Consumer

The following table presents credit quality indicators for our automobile, credit card, education and other consumer loan classes:

Table 46: Credit Quality Indicators for Automobile, Credit Card, Education and Other Consumer Loan Classes

			Term Loans by Origination Year
March 31, 2025 In millions			2025						2024			2023			2022			2021			Prior			Revolving Loans			Revolving Loans Converted to Term			Total
Automobile
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	1,162					$	2,663		$	1,495		$	936		$	716		$	260		$	—		$	—		$	7,232
720 to 779			461						1,953			991			559			349			161			—			—			4,474
660 to 719			177						994			598			326			196			117			—			—			2,408
Less than 660			13						329			340			220			156			152			—			—			1,210
Total automobile loans			$	1,813					$	5,939		$	3,424		$	2,041		$	1,417		$	690		$	—		$	—		$	15,324
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—					$	8		$	12		$	6		$	4		$	5		$	—		$	—		$	35
Credit card
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	2,005		$	1		$	2,006
720 to 779			—						—			—			—			—			—			1,726			5			1,731
660 to 719			—						—			—			—			—			—			1,736			16			1,752
Less than 660			—						—			—			—			—			—			899			57			956
No FICO score available or required (b)			—						—			—			—			—			—			103			2			105
Total credit card loans			$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	6,469		$	81		$	6,550
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	79		$	11		$	90
Education
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	1					$	44		$	53		$	75		$	36		$	325		$	—		$	—		$	534
720 to 779			5						29			36			36			18			127			—			—			251
660 to 719			5						11			13			14			6			49			—			—			98
Less than 660			1						2			3			3			1			20			—			—			30
No FICO score available or required (b)			4						7			5			3			1			1			—			—			21
Total loans using FICO credit metric			16						93			110			131			62			522			—			—			934
Other internal credit metrics			—						—			—			—			—			663			—			—			663
Total education loans			$	16					$	93		$	110		$	131		$	62		$	1,185		$	—		$	—		$	1,597
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	5		$	—		$	—		$	5
Other consumer
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	57					$	226		$	104		$	50		$	15		$	8		$	34		$	1		$	495
720 to 779			80						259			117			57			16			8			68			1			606
660 to 719			79						158			87			59			17			10			76			1			487
Less than 660			—						33			32			30			12			7			40			1			155
Total loans using FICO credit metric			216						676			340			196			60			33			218			4			1,743
Other internal credit metrics			3						6			5			67			11			99			2,125			8			2,324
Total other consumer loans			$	219					$	682		$	345		$	263		$	71		$	132		$	2,343		$	12		$	4,067
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	20		(c)			$	4		$	7		$	4		$	1		$	1		$	3		$	—		$	40

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 57  

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(Continued from previous page)			Term Loans by Origination Year
December 31, 2024 In millions			2024						2023			2022			2021			2020			Prior			Revolving Loans			Revolving Loans Converted to Term			Total
Automobile
Updated FICO Scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	3,288					$	1,717		$	1,094		$	865		$	241		$	125		$	—		$	—		$	7,330
720 to 779			2,047						1,123			636			415			129			90			—			—			4,440
660 to 719			963						671			367			227			82			74			—			—			2,384
Less than 660			246						351			231			174			87			112			—			—			1,201
Total automobile loans			$	6,544					$	3,862		$	2,328		$	1,681		$	539		$	401		$	—		$	—		$	15,355
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	9					$	44		$	27		$	17		$	12		$	22		$	—		$	—		$	131
Credit card
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	2,090		$	2		$	2,092
720 to 779			—						—			—			—			—			—			1,859			5			1,864
660 to 719			—						—			—			—			—			—			1,815			16			1,831
Less than 660			—						—			—			—			—			—			936			57			993
No FICO score available or required (b)			—						—			—			—			—			—			97			2			99
Total credit card loans			$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	6,797		$	82		$	6,879
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	316		$	39		$	355
Education
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	22					$	58		$	79		$	39		$	33		$	318		$	—		$	—		$	549
720 to 779			20						36			38			20			14			116			—			—			244
660 to 719			13						14			15			6			5			46			—			—			99
Less than 660			3						3			3			1			1			19			—			—			30
No FICO score available or required (b)			12						5			4			1			—			1			—			—			23
Total loans using FICO credit metric			70						116			139			67			53			500			—			—			945
Other internal credit metrics			—						—			—			—			—			691			—			—			691
Total education loans			$	70					$	116		$	139		$	67		$	53		$	1,191		$	—		$	—		$	1,636
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	—					$	—		$	1		$	1		$	1		$	16		$	—		$	—		$	19
Other consumer
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780			$	245					$	129		$	64		$	20		$	5		$	6		$	37		$	1		$	507
720 to 779			292						141			70			21			6			6			72			1			609
660 to 719			203						97			72			22			8			6			79			1			488
Less than 660			20						33			34			15			6			5			40			1			154
Total loans using FICO credit metric			760						400			240			78			25			23			228			4			1,758
Other internal credit metrics			6						9			77			12			11			90			2,056			8			2,269
Total other consumer loans			$	766					$	409		$	317		$	90		$	36		$	113		$	2,284		$	12		$	4,027
Gross charge-offs (a)			$	76		(c)			$	27		$	26		$	13		$	8		$	9		$	11		$	1		$	171

(a)Gross charge-offs are presented on a year-to-date basis, as of the period end date.

(b)Loans where FICO scores are not available or required generally refers to new accounts issued to borrowers with limited credit history, accounts for which we cannot obtain an updated FICO score (e.g., recent profile changes), cards issued with a business name and/or cards secured by collateral. Management proactively assesses the risk and size of this loan category and, when necessary, takes actions to mitigate the credit risk.

(c)Includes charge-offs of deposit overdrafts.

58    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

FDMs result from our loss mitigation activities and include principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, term extensions, payment delays, repayment plans or combinations thereof. See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on FDMs.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis, as of the period end date, of FDMs granted during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

Table 47: Loan Modifications Granted to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty (a) (b)

Three months ended March 31, 2025 Dollars in millions						Term Extension			Payment Delay			Repayment Plan			Payment Delay and Term Extension			Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension			Interest Rate Reduction and Payment Delay			Interest Rate Reduction, Payment Delay, and Term Extension			Other (c)			Total			% of Loan Class
Commercial
Commercial and industrial						$	471		$	74		$	—		$	—		$	2		$	—		$	13		$	107		$	667		0.37		%
Commercial real estate						355			—			—			—			—			—			—			14			369			1.14		%
Total commercial						826			74			—			—			2			—			13			121			1,036			0.47		%
Consumer
Residential real estate						1			27			—			—			1			—			—			1			30			0.07		%
Home equity						—			2			—			—			—			—			—			5			7			0.03		%
Credit card						—			—			20			—			—			—			—			—			20			0.31		%
Education						2			—			—			—			—			—			—			—			2			0.13		%
Other consumer						—			—			—			1			—			—			—			—			1			0.02		%
Total consumer						3			29			20			1			1			—			—			6			60			0.06		%
Total						$	829		$	103		$	20		$	1		$	3		$	—		$	13		$	127		$	1,096		0.34		%
Three months ended March 31, 2024 Dollars in millions
Commercial
Commercial and industrial						$	443		$	85		$	—		$	27		$	10		$	14		$	—		$	31		$	610		0.35		%
Commercial real estate						387			56			—			65			—			—			—			—			508			1.43		%
Total commercial						830			141			—			92			10			14			—			31			1,118			0.51		%
Consumer
Residential real estate						—			40			—			—			—			—			—			3			43			0.09		%
Home equity						—			5			1			—			—			—			—			5			11			0.04		%
Credit card						—			—			22			—			—			—			—			—			22			0.32		%
Education						2			—			—			—			—			—			—			—			2			0.11		%
Total consumer						2			45			23			—			—			—			—			8			78			0.08		%
Total						$	832		$	186		$	23		$	92		$	10		$	14		$	—		$	39		$	1,196		0.37		%

(a)The unfunded lending related commitments on FDMs granted were $0.2 billion and $0.1 billion during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(b)Excludes the amortized cost basis of modified loans that were paid off, charged off or otherwise liquidated as of the period end date.

(c)Represents all other modifications, and includes trial modifications and loans where we have received notification that a borrower has filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy relief, but specific instructions as to the terms of the relief have not been formally ruled upon by the court.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 59  

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Table 48 presents the weighted average financial effect of FDMs granted during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Table 48: Financial Effect of FDMs (a)

Three months ended March 31, 2025 Dollars in millions

Amortized cost basis (b)

Financial Effect

Term Extension

Commercial and industrial

$486

Extended contractual term by 16 months.

Commercial real estate

$355

Extended contractual term by 12 months.

Residential real estate

$2

Extended contractual term by 233 months.

Education

$2

Extended contractual term by 11 months.

Other consumer

$1

Extended contractual term by 24 months.

Interest Rate Reduction

Commercial and industrial

$15

Reduced contractual interest rate by 1.00%.

Residential real estate

$1

Increased contractual interest rate by 1.21%.

Payment Delay

Commercial and industrial

$87

Provided 3 months of payment deferral.

Residential real estate

$27

Provided 6 months of payment deferral.

Home equity

$2

Provided 5 months of payment deferral.

Other consumer

$1

Provided 24 months of payment deferral.

Three months ended March 31, 2024 Dollars in millions

Amortized cost basis (b)

Financial Effect

Term Extension

Commercial and industrial

$480

Extended contractual term by 11 months.

Commercial real estate

$452

Extended contractual term by 12 months.

Education

$2

Extended contractual term by 10 months.

Interest Rate Reduction

Commercial and industrial

$24

Reduced contractual interest rate by 4.06%.

Payment Delay

Commercial and industrial

$126

Provided 5 months of payment deferral.

Commercial real estate

$121

Provided 8 months of payment deferral.

Residential real estate

$40

Provided 8 months of payment deferral.

Home equity

$5

Provided 4 months of payment deferral.

(a)Excludes the financial effects of modifications for loans that were paid off, charged off or otherwise liquidated as of the period end date.

(b)The amortized cost basis presented in Table 48 includes combination modification categories in addition to the standalone modification categories presented in Table 47. Primarily due to this reason, the amortized cost basis presented in Table 48 may not agree to the amortized cost basis presented alongside the standalone modification categories in Table 47. Amortized cost basis is as of the period end date.

Repayment plans are offered for our credit card, unsecured lines of credit and certain of our home equity loan and line of credit product offerings. We have excluded these plans from Table 48. Refer to Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses in our 2024 Form 10-K for information around the modification terms of repayment plans.

60    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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After we modify a loan, we continue to track its performance under its most recent modified terms. The following table presents the performance, as of the period end date, of FDMs granted during the twelve months preceding March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Table 49: Delinquency Status of FDMs (a) (b)

Twelve months ended March 31, 2025 Dollars in millions			Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due			30-59 Days Past Due			60-89 Days Past Due			90 Days or More Past Due			Nonperforming Loans			Total
Commercial
Commercial and industrial			$	1,182		$	16		$	—		$	—		$	189		$	1,387
Commercial real estate			790			1			—			—			444			1,235
Equipment lease financing			2			—			—			—			—			2
Total commercial			1,974			17			—			—			633			2,624
Consumer
Residential real estate			7			—			—			—			96			103
Home equity			4			—			—			—			29			33
Credit card			41			4			4			7			1			57
Education			4			—			—			—			—			4
Other consumer			2			—			—			—			1			3
Total consumer			58			4			4			7			127			200
Total			$	2,032		$	21		$	4		$	7		$	760		$	2,824
Twelve months ended March 31, 2024 Dollars in millions			Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due			30-59 Days Past Due			60-89 Days Past Due			90 Days or More Past Due			Nonperforming Loans			Total
Commercial
Commercial and industrial			$	1,126		$	16		$	2		$	—		$	291		$	1,435
Commercial real estate			816			—			—			—			367			1,183
Total commercial			1,942			16			2			—			658			2,618
Consumer
Residential real estate			8			—			1			1			92			102
Home equity			2			—			—			—			29			31
Credit card			44			4			4			7			1			60
Education			5			—			—			—			—			5
Other consumer			—			—			—			—			1			1
Total consumer			59			4			5			8			123			199
Total			$	2,001		$	20		$	7		$	8		$	781		$	2,817

(a)Represents amortized cost basis.

(b)Loans in our Payment Delay category are reported as past due in accordance with their contractual terms. Once contractually modified, these loans are reported as past due in accordance with their restructured terms.

We generally consider FDMs to have subsequently defaulted when they become 60 days past due after the most recent date the loan was modified. The following table presents loans that were both (i) classified as FDMs, and (ii) subsequently defaulted during the period.

Table 50: Subsequently Defaulted FDMs (a)

Three months ended March 31, 2025 Dollars in millions						Term Extension			Payment Delay			Repayment Plan						All Other Modifications (b)			Total
Commercial
Commercial and industrial						$	27		$	—		$	—					$	1		$	28
Commercial real estate						16			—			—						—			16
Total commercial						43			—			—						1			44
Consumer
Residential real estate						—			15			—						1			16
Home equity						—			1			—						3			4
Credit card						—			—			7						—			7
Total consumer						—			16			7						4			27
Total						$	43		$	16		$	7					$	5		$	71

(a)Represents amortized cost basis.

(b)As of March 31, 2025, the following modification categories are included: interest rate reduction/term extension and other.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 61  

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At March 31, 2024, loans that both (i) subsequently defaulted during the three months ended and (ii) were classified as FDMs during the twelve months preceding the default date totaled $49 million.

Allowance for Credit Losses

We maintain the ACL related to loans at levels that we believe to be appropriate to absorb expected credit losses in the portfolios as of the balance sheet date. See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for a discussion of the methodologies used to determine this allowance. A rollforward of the ACL related to loans follows:

Table 51: Rollforward of Allowance for Credit Losses

			Three months ended March 31
			2025												2024
In millions			Commercial			Consumer			Total						Commercial			Consumer			Total
Allowance for loan and lease losses
Beginning balance			$	3,148		$	1,338		$	4,486					$	3,259		$	1,532		$	4,791
Charge-offs			(131)			(181)			(312)						(148)			(182)			(330)
Recoveries			47			60			107						23			64			87
Net (charge-offs)			(84)			(121)			(205)						(125)			(118)			(243)
Provision for credit losses			138			122			260						85			62			147
Other			3			—			3						(2)			—			(2)
Ending balance			$	3,205		$	1,339		$	4,544					$	3,217		$	1,476		$	4,693
Allowance for unfunded lending related commitments (a)
Beginning balance			$	580		$	139		$	719					$	545		$	118		$	663
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses			(53)			7			(46)						(17)			26			9
Other			1			—			1						—			—			—
Ending balance			$	528		$	146		$	674					$	528		$	144		$	672
Allowance for credit losses at March 31 (b)			$	3,733		$	1,485		$	5,218					$	3,745		$	1,620		$	5,365

(a)See Note 8 Commitments for additional information about the underlying commitments related to this allowance.

(b)Represents the ALLL plus allowance for unfunded lending related commitments and excludes allowances for investment securities and other financial assets, which together totaled $91 million and $117 million at March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The ACL related to loans totaled $5.2 billion at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The ACL at March 31, 2025 was driven by changes in macroeconomic factors and portfolio activity.

NOTE 4 LOAN SALE AND SERVICING ACTIVITIES AND VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Loan Sale and Servicing Activities

As more fully described in Note 4 Loan Sale and Servicing Activities and Variable Interest Entities in our 2024 Form 10-K, we have transferred residential and commercial mortgage loans in securitization or sales transactions in which we have continuing involvement. Our continuing involvement in the FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA securitizations, Non-agency securitizations and loan sale transactions generally consists of servicing, repurchasing previously transferred loans under certain conditions and loss share arrangements, and, in limited circumstances, holding of mortgage-backed securities issued by the securitization SPEs.

We earn servicing and other ancillary fees for our role as servicer and, depending on the contractual terms of the servicing arrangement, we can be terminated as servicer with or without cause. At the consummation date of each type of loan transfer where we retain the servicing, we recognize a servicing right at fair value. See Note 5 Goodwill and Mortgage Servicing Rights and Note 11 Fair Value for information on our servicing rights, including the carrying value of servicing assets.

62    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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The following table provides our loan sale and servicing activities:

Table 52: Loan Sale and Servicing Activities

In millions			Residential Mortgages			Commercial Mortgages (a)
Cash Flows - Three months ended March 31, 2025
Sales of loans and related securitization activity (b)			$	704					$	493
Repurchases of previously transferred loans (c)			$	35					$	—
Servicing fees (d)			$	130					$	50
Servicing advances recovered/(funded), net			$	19					$	11
Cash flows on mortgage-backed securities held (e)			$	571					$	26
Cash Flows - Three months ended March 31, 2024
Sales of loans and related securitization activity (b)			$	525					$	323
Repurchases of previously transferred loans (c)			$	23					$	9
Servicing fees (d)			$	139					$	47
Servicing advances recovered/(funded), net			$	23					$	24
Cash flows on mortgage-backed securities held (e)			$	842					$	74

(a)Represents both commercial mortgage loan transfer and servicing activities.

(b)Gains/losses recognized on sales of loans were insignificant for the periods presented.

(c)Includes both residential and commercial mortgage government insured or guaranteed loans eligible for repurchase through the exercise of our ROAP option, as well as residential mortgage loans repurchased due to alleged breaches of origination covenants or representations and warranties made to purchasers.

(d)Includes contractually specified servicing fees, late charges and ancillary fees.

(e)Represents cash flows on securities where we transferred to and/or service loans for a securitization SPE and we hold securities issued by that SPE. The carrying values of such securities held were $17.8 billion, $18.2 billion and $19.8 billion in residential mortgage-backed securities at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The carrying values of commercial mortgage-backed securities were $0.6 billion, $0.6 billion and $0.7 billion at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

Table 53 presents information about the principal balances of transferred loans that we service and are not recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. We would only experience a loss on these transferred loans if we were required to repurchase a loan, where the repurchase price exceeded the loan’s fair value, due to a breach in representations and warranties or a loss sharing arrangement associated with our continuing involvement with these loans. The estimate of losses related to breaches in representations and warranties was insignificant at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Table 53: Principal Balance, Delinquent Loans and Net Charge-offs Related to Serviced Loans For Others

In millions			Residential Mortgages									Commercial Mortgages (a)
March 31, 2025
Total principal balance			$	37,276								$	54,055
Delinquent loans (b)			$	284								$	352
December 31, 2024
Total principal balance			$	37,619								$	51,274
Delinquent loans (b)			$	288								$	124
Three months ended March 31, 2025
Net charge-offs (c)			$	1								$	10
Three months ended March 31, 2024
Net charge-offs (c)			$	1								$	61

(a)Represents information at the securitization level in which we have sold loans and we are the servicer for the securitization.

(b)Serviced delinquent loans are 90 days or more past due or are in process of foreclosure.

(c)Net charge-offs for residential mortgages represent credit losses less recoveries distributed and as reported to investors during the period. Net charge-offs for commercial mortgages represent credit losses less recoveries distributed and as reported by the trustee for commercial mortgage-backed securitizations. Realized losses for Agency securitizations are not reflected as we do not manage the underlying real estate upon foreclosure and, as such, do not have access to loss information.

Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)

As discussed in Note 4 Loan Sale and Servicing Activities and Variable Interest Entities included in our 2024 Form 10-K, we are involved with various entities in the normal course of business that are deemed to be VIEs.

The following table provides a summary of non-consolidated VIEs with which we have significant continuing involvement but are not the primary beneficiary. We have excluded certain transactions with non-consolidated VIEs from the balances presented in Table 54 where we have determined that our continuing involvement is insignificant. We do not consider our continuing involvement to be significant when it relates to a VIE where we only invest in securities issued by the VIE and were not involved in the design of the VIE or where no transfers have occurred between us and the VIE. In addition, where we only have lending arrangements in the normal course of business with entities that could be VIEs, we have excluded these transactions with non-consolidated entities from the

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balances presented in Table 54. These loans are included as part of the credit quality disclosures that we make in Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses.

Table 54: Non-Consolidated VIEs

In millions			PNC Risk of Loss (a)									Carrying Value of Assets						Carrying Value of Liabilities
March 31, 2025
Mortgage-backed securitizations (b)			$	18,688								$	18,691		(c)			$	—
Tax credit investments and other			5,635									5,503			(d) (e)			2,610			(f) (g)
Total			$	24,323								$	24,194					$	2,610
December 31, 2024
Mortgage-backed securitizations (b)			$	19,187								$	19,191		(c)			$	—
Tax credit investments and other			5,513									5,491			(d) (e)			2,627			(f) (g)
Total			$	24,700								$	24,682					$	2,627

(a)Represents loans, investments and other assets related to non-consolidated VIEs, net of collateral (if applicable). The risk of loss excludes any potential tax recapture associated with tax credit investments.

(b)Amounts reflect involvement with securitization SPEs where we transferred to and/or service loans for an SPE and we hold securities issued by that SPE. Values disclosed in the PNC Risk of Loss column represent our maximum exposure to loss for those securities’ holdings.

(c)Included in Investment securities, Mortgage servicing rights and Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(d)Included in Investment securities, Loans, Equity investments and Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(e)Amount includes $3.8 billion of LIHTCs and $0.1 billion of NMTCs at March 31, 2025, which are included in Equity investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $3.9 billion and $0.2 billion, respectively.

(f)Included in Deposits and Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(g)Amount includes $2.2 billion of LIHTCs and less than $0.1 billion of NMTCs at March 31, 2025, which are included in Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $2.3 billion and less than $0.1 billion, respectively.

We make certain equity investments in various tax credit limited partnerships or LLCs. The purpose of these investments is to achieve a satisfactory return on capital and to assist us in achieving goals associated with the CRA. Within Income taxes, during the three months ended March 31, 2025, we recognized $0.1 billion of amortization, $0.2 billion of tax credits and less than $0.1 billion of other tax benefits associated with qualified investments in LIHTCs and NMTCs. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, comparable amounts were $0.1 billion, $0.1 billion, and less than $0.1 billion, respectively.

NOTE 5 GOODWILL AND MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS

Goodwill

See Note 5 Goodwill and Mortgage Servicing Rights in our 2024 Form 10-K for more information regarding our goodwill.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

We recognize the right to service mortgage loans for others as an intangible asset when the benefits of servicing are expected to be more than adequate compensation to a servicer for performing the servicing. MSRs are recognized either when purchased or when originated loans are sold with servicing retained. MSRs totaled $3.6 billion at March 31, 2025 and $3.7 billion at December 31, 2024, and consisted of loan servicing contracts for commercial and residential mortgages measured at fair value.

We recognize gains (losses) on changes in the fair value of MSRs. MSRs are subject to changes in value from actual or expected prepayment of the underlying loans and defaults, as well as market driven changes in interest rates. We manage this risk by economically hedging the fair value of MSRs with securities, derivative instruments and resale agreements, which are expected to increase (or decrease) in value when the value of MSRs decreases (or increases).

See the Sensitivity Analysis section of this Note 5 for more detail on our fair value measurement of MSRs. See Note 5 Goodwill and Mortgage Servicing Rights and Note 14 Fair Value in our 2024 Form 10-K for more detail on our fair value measurement and our accounting of MSRs.

64    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Changes in the commercial and residential MSRs follow:

Table 55: Mortgage Servicing Rights

			Commercial MSRs									Residential MSRs
In millions			2025			2024						2025			2024
January 1			$	1,085		$	1,032					$	2,626		$	2,654
Additions:
From loans sold with servicing retained			9			3						7			5
Purchases			27			12						1			13
Changes in fair value due to:
Time and payoffs (a)			(78)			(79)						(60)			(57)
Other (b)			(2)			107						(51)			72
March 31			$	1,041		$	1,075					$	2,523		$	2,687
Related unpaid principal balance of loans serviced at March 31			$	293,685		$	286,922					$	193,417		$	206,544
Servicing advances at March 31			$	641		$	537					$	133		$	149

(a)Represents decrease in MSR value due to passage of time, which includes the impact from regularly scheduled loan principal payments, prepayments and loans that were paid off during the period.

(b)Includes MSR value changes resulting from changes in interest rates and other market-driven conditions.

Sensitivity Analysis

The fair value of commercial and residential MSRs and significant inputs to the valuation models as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are shown in Tables 56 and 57. The expected and actual rates of mortgage loan prepayments are significant factors driving the fair value. Management uses both internal proprietary models and a third-party model to estimate future commercial mortgage loan prepayments and a third-party model to estimate future residential mortgage loan prepayments. These models have been refined based on current market conditions and management judgment. Future interest rates are another important factor in the valuation of MSRs. Management utilizes market implied forward interest rates to estimate the future direction of mortgage and discount rates. The forward rates utilized are derived from the current yield curve for U.S. dollar interest rate swaps and are consistent with pricing of capital markets instruments. Changes in the shape and slope of the forward curve in future periods may result in volatility in the fair value estimate.

A sensitivity analysis of the hypothetical effect on the fair value of MSRs to adverse changes in key assumptions is presented in Tables 56 and 57. These sensitivities do not include the impact of the related hedging activities. Changes in fair value generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the MSRs is calculated independently without changing any other assumption. Changes in one factor may result in changes in another (e.g., changes in mortgage interest rates, which drive changes in prepayment rate estimates, could result in changes in the interest rate spread), which could either magnify or counteract the sensitivities.

The following tables set forth the fair value of commercial and residential MSRs and the sensitivity analysis of the hypothetical effect on the fair value of MSRs to immediate adverse changes of 10% and 20% in those assumptions:

Table 56: Commercial Mortgage Servicing Rights – Key Valuation Assumptions

Dollars in millions			March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Fair value			$	1,041					$	1,085
Weighted-average life (years)			3.8						3.8
Weighted-average constant prepayment rate			4.56		%				4.45		%
Decline in fair value from 10% adverse change			$	8					$	8
Decline in fair value from 20% adverse change			$	16					$	16
Effective discount rate			10.92		%				11.18		%
Decline in fair value from 10% adverse change			$	32					$	35
Decline in fair value from 20% adverse change			$	65					$	69

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Table 57: Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights – Key Valuation Assumptions

Dollars in millions			March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Fair value			$	2,523					$	2,626
Weighted-average life (years)			7.8						8.0
Weighted-average constant prepayment rate			6.68		%				6.39		%
Decline in fair value from 10% adverse change			$	58					$	57
Decline in fair value from 20% adverse change			$	112					$	111
Weighted-average option adjusted spread			755			bps			755			bps
Decline in fair value from 10% adverse change			$	78					$	81
Decline in fair value from 20% adverse change			$	152					$	157

Fees from mortgage loan servicing, which include contractually specified servicing fees, late fees and ancillary fees were $0.2 billion for both the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. We also generate servicing fees from activities provided to others for which we do not have an associated servicing asset. Fees from commercial and residential MSRs are reported within Residential and commercial mortgage noninterest income on our Consolidated Income Statement.

NOTE 6 LEASES

PNC’s lessor arrangements primarily consist of direct financing, sales-type and operating leases for equipment. Lease agreements may include options to renew and for the lessee to purchase the leased equipment at the end of the lease term. For more information on lease accounting, see Note 1 Accounting Policies and Note 6 Leases in our 2024 Form 10-K.

The following table provides details on our income from lessor arrangements:

Table 58: Lessor Income

Three months ended March 31			2025			2024
In millions
Sales-type and direct financing leases (a)			$	85		$	84
Operating leases (b)			9			6
Lease income			$	94		$	90

(a)Included in Loans interest income on our Consolidated Income Statement.

(b)Included in Lending and deposit services noninterest income on our Consolidated Income Statement.

NOTE 7 BORROWED FUNDS

The following table shows the carrying value of total borrowed funds at March 31, 2025 (including adjustments related to accounting hedges, purchase accounting and unamortized original issuance discounts) by remaining contractual maturity:

Table 59: Borrowed Funds

In millions
Less than 1 year			$	16,933
1 to 2 years			9,765
2 to 3 years			7,665
3 to 4 years			2,431
4 to 5 years			6,421
Over 5 years			17,507
Total			$	60,722

66    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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The following table presents the contractual rates and maturity dates of our FHLB advances, senior debt and subordinated debt as of March 31, 2025, and the carrying values as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Table 60: FHLB Borrowings, Senior Debt and Subordinated Debt

			Stated Rate						Maturity						Carrying Value
Dollars in millions			March 31, 2025						March 31, 2025						March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Parent Company
Senior debt			1.15% - 6.88%						2026 - 2036						$	30,578					$	27,369
Subordinated debt			4.63		%				2033						795						777
Junior subordinated debt			5.15		%				2028						206						206
Total Parent Company															31,579						28,352
Bank
Federal Home Loan Bank advances (a)			4.64% - 4.93%						2025 - 2028						18,000						22,000
Senior debt			3.10% - 4.84%						2025 - 2043						4,409						5,128
Subordinated debt			2.70% - 5.90%						2025 - 2029						3,162						3,121
Total Bank															25,571						30,249
Total															$	57,150					$	58,601

(a)FHLB advances are generally collateralized by residential mortgage loans, other mortgage-related loans and investment securities.

In Table 60, the carrying values for parent company senior and subordinated debt include basis adjustments of $(281) million and $(52) million, respectively, whereas Bank senior and subordinated debt include basis adjustments of $(61) million and $(105) million, respectively, related to fair value accounting hedges as of March 31, 2025.

Certain borrowings are reported at fair value. Refer to Note 11 Fair Value for more information on those borrowings.

For further information regarding junior subordinated debentures, refer to Note 9 Borrowed Funds in our 2024 Form 10-K.

NOTE 8 COMMITMENTS

In the normal course of business, we have various commitments outstanding, certain of which are not included on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The following table presents our outstanding commitments to extend credit along with other commitments as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Table 61: Commitments to Extend Credit and Other Commitments

In millions			March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Commitments to extend credit
Commercial			$	210,577					$	209,864
Home equity			24,217						24,086
Credit card			37,215						36,447
Other			7,626						7,388
Total commitments to extend credit			279,635						277,785
Net outstanding standby letters of credit (a)			11,369						11,251
Standby bond purchase agreements (b)			1,095						1,095
Other commitments (c)			5,165						4,969
Total commitments to extend credit and other commitments			$	297,264					$	295,100

(a)Net outstanding standby letters of credit that support remarketing programs were $3.9 billion and $3.7 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(b)We enter into standby bond purchase agreements to support municipal bond obligations.

(c)Includes $2.7 billion and $2.2 billion related to investments in qualified affordable housing projects at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Commitments to Extend Credit

Commitments to extend credit, or net unfunded loan commitments, represent arrangements to lend funds or provide liquidity subject to specified contractual conditions. These commitments generally have fixed expiration dates, may require payment of a fee and generally contain termination clauses in the event the customer’s credit quality deteriorates.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 67  

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Net Outstanding Standby Letters of Credit

We issue standby letters of credit and share in the risk of standby letters of credit issued by other financial institutions, in each case to support obligations of our customers to third parties, such as insurance requirements and the facilitation of transactions involving capital markets product execution. Approximately 97% of our net outstanding standby letters of credit were rated as Pass at March 31, 2025, with the remainder rated as Criticized. An internal credit rating of Pass indicates the expected risk of loss is currently low, while a rating of Criticized indicates a higher degree of risk.

If the customer fails to meet its financial or performance obligation to the third party under the terms of the contract or there is a need to support a remarketing program, then upon a draw by a beneficiary, subject to the terms of the letter of credit, we would be obligated to make payment to them. The standby letters of credit outstanding on March 31, 2025 had terms ranging from less than one year to 11 years.

As of March 31, 2025, assets of $1.0 billion secured certain specifically identified standby letters of credit. In addition, a portion of the remaining standby letters of credit issued on behalf of specific customers is secured by collateral or guarantees that secure the customers’ other obligations to us. The carrying amount of the liability for our obligations related to standby letters of credit and participations in standby letters of credit was $0.2 billion at March 31, 2025 and is included in Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

NOTE 9 TOTAL EQUITY AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Activity in total equity for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:

Table 62: Rollforward of Total Equity

									Shareholders’ Equity
In millions			Shares Outstanding Common Stock						Common Stock			Capital Surplus - Preferred Stock			Capital Surplus - Common Stock and Other			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Treasury Stock						Noncontrolling Interests			Total Equity
Three months ended
Balance at December 31, 2023 (a)			398						$	2,716		$	6,241		$	12,779		$	56,290		$	(7,712)		$	(19,209)					$	36		$	51,141
Net income			—						—			—			—			1,330			—			—						14			1,344
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax			—						—			—			—			—			(330)			—						—			(330)
Cash dividends declared - Common			—						—			—			—			(624)			—			—						—			(624)
Cash dividends declared - Preferred			—						—			—			—			(81)			—			—						—			(81)
Preferred stock discount accretion			—						—			2			—			(2)			—			—						—			—
Treasury stock activity			—						—			—			71			—			—			(70)						—			1
Other			—						—			—			(61)			—			—			—						(16)			(77)
Balance at March 31, 2024 (a)			398						$	2,716		$	6,243		$	12,789		$	56,913		$	(8,042)		$	(19,279)					$	34		$	51,374
Balance at December 31, 2024 (a)			396						$	2,717		$	5,749		$	12,961		$	59,282		$	(6,565)		$	(19,719)					$	44		$	54,469
Net income			—						—			—			—			1,481			—			—						18			1,499
Other comprehensive income, net of tax			—						—			—			—			—			1,328			—						—			1,328
Cash dividends declared - Common			—						—			—			—			(639)			—			—						—			(639)
Cash dividends declared - Preferred			—						—			—			—			(71)			—			—						—			(71)
Preferred stock discount accretion			—						—			2			—			(2)			—			—						—			—
Treasury stock activity			—						—			—			102			—			—			(138)						—			(36)
Other			—						—			—			(83)			—			—			—						(16)			(99)
Balance at March 31, 2025 (a)			396						$	2,717		$	5,751		$	12,980		$	60,051		$	(5,237)		$	(19,857)					$	46		$	56,451

(a)The par value of our preferred stock outstanding was less than $0.5 million at each date and, therefore, is excluded from this presentation.

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Details of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:

Table 63: Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

			Three months ended March 31
			2025												2024
In millions			Pre-tax			Tax effect			After-tax						Pre-tax			Tax effect			After-tax
Debt securities
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities			$	748		$	(182)		$	566					$	(395)		$	95		$	(300)
Less: Net realized (losses) reclassified to earnings (a)			(181)			44			(137)						(216)			52			(164)
Net change			929			(226)			703						(179)			43			(136)
Cash flow hedge derivatives
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedge derivatives			631			(153)			478						(626)			150			(476)
Less: Net realized (losses) reclassified to earnings (a)			(194)			47			(147)						(376)			90			(286)
Net change			825			(200)			625						(250)			60			(190)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plan adjustments
Net pension and other postretirement benefit plan activity and other reclassified to earnings (b)			(2)			1			(1)						(2)			—			(2)
Net change			(2)			1			(1)						(2)			—			(2)
Other
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other transactions			(1)			2			1						(2)			—			(2)
Net change			(1)			2			1						(2)			—			(2)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)			$	1,751		$	(423)		$	1,328					$	(433)		$	103		$	(330)

(a)Reclassifications for pre-tax debt securities and cash flow hedges are recorded in Interest income and Noninterest income on the Consolidated Income Statement.

(b)Reclassifications include amortization of actuarial losses (gains) and amortization of prior period service costs (credits), which are recorded in Noninterest expense on the Consolidated Income Statement.

Table 64: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components

In millions, after-tax			Debt securities						Cash flow hedge derivatives						Pension and  other postretirement benefit plan adjustments						Other															Total
Three months ended
Balance at December 31, 2023			$	(5,830)					$	(1,713)					$	(125)					$	(44)														$	(7,712)
Net activity			(136)						(190)						(2)						(2)															(330)
Balance at March 31, 2024 (a)			$	(5,966)					$	(1,903)					$	(127)					$	(46)														$	(8,042)
Balance at December 31, 2024			$	(5,099)					$	(1,314)					$	(109)					$	(43)														$	(6,565)
Net activity			703						625						(1)						1															1,328
Balance at March 31, 2025 (a)			$	(4,396)					$	(689)					$	(110)					$	(42)														$	(5,237)

(a)AOCI included pretax losses of $271 million and $289 million from derivatives that hedged the purchase of investment securities classified as held-to-maturity at March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

The following table provides the dividends per share for PNC’s common and preferred stock:

Table 65: Dividends Per Share (a)

			Three months ended March 31
			2025			2024
Common Stock			$	1.60		$	1.55
Preferred Stock
Series B			$	0.45		$	0.45
Series R			$	—		$	2,194
Series T			$	850		$	850
Series U			$	1,500		$	1,500
Series V			$	1,550		$	1,550
Series W			$	1,563		$	1,563

(a)     Dividends are payable quarterly.

On April 3, 2025, the PNC Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $1.60 per share to be paid on May 5, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business April 16, 2025.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 69  

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NOTE 10 EARNINGS PER SHARE

Table 66: Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Common Share

						Three months ended March 31
In millions, except per share data						2025			2024
Basic
Net income						$	1,499		$	1,344
Less:
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests						18			14
Preferred stock dividends						71			81
Preferred stock discount accretion and redemptions						2			2
Net income attributable to common shareholders						1,408			1,247
Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to nonvested restricted shares						9			7
Net income attributable to basic common shareholders						$	1,399		$	1,240
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding						398			400
Basic earnings per common share (a)						$	3.52		$	3.10
Diluted
Net income attributable to diluted common shareholders						$	1,399		$	1,240
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding						398			400
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding						398			400
Diluted earnings per common share (a)						$	3.51		$	3.10

(a)Basic and diluted earnings per share under the two-class method are determined on net income reported on the income statement less earnings allocated to nonvested restricted shares and restricted share units with nonforfeitable dividends and dividend rights (participating securities).

NOTE 11 FAIR VALUE

Fair Value Measurement

We measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or the price that would be paid to transfer a liability on the measurement date and is determined using an exit price in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The fair value hierarchy established by GAAP requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs when measuring fair value. For more information regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 14 Fair Value in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Interest-bearing Deposits

In the first quarter of 2025, PNC elected to begin accounting for certain brokered time deposits, which are economically hedged with derivatives, under the fair value option. The election of the fair value option aligns the accounting for the brokered time deposits with the related hedges. Fair value is estimated by discounting contractual cash flows using current market rates for instruments with similar maturities. The portion of the change in fair value attributable to instrument-specific credit risk is recognized in OCI, and is estimated as the difference between the overall change in fair value and the change in fair value resulting from a change in the specified benchmark interest rate. The portion of the change in fair value resulting from a change in the specified benchmark interest rate is recognized in the Consolidated Income Statement within Deposits interest expense. Brokered time deposits are classified as Level 2, as the estimates of current market rates used to determine fair value are based on dealer indications and benchmark interest rates that are considered observable.

70    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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For more information on the valuation methodologies used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, see Note 14 Fair Value in our 2024 Form 10-K. The following table summarizes our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, including instruments for which we have elected the fair value option.

Table 67: Fair Value Measurements – Recurring Basis Summary

			March 31, 2025																											December 31, 2024
In millions			Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total Fair Value									Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total Fair Value
Assets
Residential mortgage loans held for sale			$	—					$	438					$	104					$	542								$	—					$	560					$	68					$	628
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale			—						461						4						465									—						199						4						203
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. Treasury and government agencies			23,457						1,047						—						24,504									22,534						1,017						—						23,551
Residential mortgage-backed
Agency			—						30,714						—						30,714									—						30,626						—						30,626
Non-agency			—						—						596						596									—						—						603						603
Commercial mortgage-backed
Agency			—						2,453						—						2,453									—						1,945						—						1,945
Non-agency			—						504						99						603									—						588						103						691
Asset-backed			—						2,238						92						2,330									—						2,299						93						2,392
Other			—						2,064						54						2,118									—						2,177						54						2,231
Total securities available-for-sale			23,457						39,020						841						63,318									22,534						38,652						853						62,039
Loans			—						486						663						1,149									—						486						670						1,156
Equity investments (a)			569						—						2,223						2,995									825						—						2,111						3,132
Residential mortgage servicing rights			—						—						2,523						2,523									—						—						2,626						2,626
Commercial mortgage servicing rights			—						—						1,041						1,041									—						—						1,085						1,085
Trading securities (b)			1,759						2,514						—						4,273									987						1,787						—						2,774
Financial derivatives (b) (c)			15						3,049						10						3,074									3						3,004						4						3,011
Other assets			442						131						12						585									449						133						10						592
Total assets (d)			$	26,242					$	46,099					$	7,421					$	79,965								$	24,798					$	44,821					$	7,431					$	77,246
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits			$	—					$	1,160					$	—					$	1,160								$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—
Other borrowed funds			1,640						126						13						1,779									1,161						128						10						1,299
Financial derivatives (c) (e)			17						4,552						161						4,730									11						5,334						150						5,495
Other liabilities			—						28						129						157									—						28						177						205
Total liabilities (f)			$	1,657					$	5,866					$	303					$	7,826								$	1,172					$	5,490					$	337					$	6,999

(a)Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

(b)Included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(c)Amounts at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are presented gross and are not reduced by the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements that allow us to net positive and negative positions and cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparty. See Note 12 Financial Derivatives for additional information related to derivative offsetting.

(d)Total assets at fair value as a percentage of total consolidated assets was 14% at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Level 3 assets as a percentage of total assets at fair value was 9% and 10% at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Level 3 assets as a percentage of total consolidated assets was 1% at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

(e)Included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(f)Total liabilities at fair value as a percentage of total consolidated liabilities was 2% and 1% at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Level 3 liabilities as a percentage of total liabilities at fair value was 4% and 5% at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Level 3 liabilities as a percentage of total consolidated liabilities was less than 1% at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 71  

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Reconciliations of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

Table 68: Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

						Total realized / unrealized gains or losses for the  period (a)																																							Unrealized gains/losses for the period on assets and liabilities held on Consolidated Balance Sheet at Mar. 31, 2025 (a) (c)
Level 3 Instruments Only In millions			Fair Value Dec. 31, 2024			Included in Earnings			Included in Other comprehensive income (b)						Purchases			Sales			Issuances			Settlements			Transfers into Level 3						Transfers out of Level 3									Fair Value Mar. 31, 2025
Assets
Residential mortgage     loans held for sale			$	68		$	—					$	—		$	41		$	—		$	—		$	(4)		$	4					$	(5)		(d)						$	104		$	—
Commercial mortgage     loans held for sale			4			—						—			—			—			—			—			—						—									4			—
Securities available-for-sale
Residential mortgage-   backed non-agency			603			2						8			—			—			—			(17)			—						—									596			—
Commercial mortgage-   backed non-agency			103			(3)						(1)			—			—			—			—			—						—									99			(3)
Asset-backed			93			1						1			—			—			—			(3)			—						—									92			—
Other			54			—						—			—			—			—			—			—						—									54			—
Total securities     available-for-sale			853			—						8			—			—			—			(20)			—						—									841			(3)
Loans			670			5						—			7			—			—			(19)			—						—									663			5
Equity investments			2,111			46						—			176			(110)			—			—			—						—									2,223			25
Residential mortgage     servicing rights			2,626			(51)						—			1			—			7			(60)			—						—									2,523			(51)
Commercial mortgage     servicing rights			1,085			(2)						—			27			—			9			(78)			—						—									1,041			(2)
Financial derivatives			4			13						—			—			—			—			(7)			—						—									10			13
Other assets			10			—						—			2			—			—			—			—						—									12			—
Total assets			$	7,431		$	11					$	8		$	254		$	(110)		$	16		$	(188)		$	4					$	(5)								$	7,421		$	(13)
Liabilities
Other borrowed funds			$	10		$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	5		$	(2)		$	—					$	—								$	13		$	—
Financial derivatives			150			37						—			—			—			—			(26)			—						—									161			38
Other liabilities			177			10						—			—			—			—			(58)			—						—									129			7
Total liabilities			$	337		$	47					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	5		$	(86)		$	—					$	—								$	303		$	45
Net gains (losses)						$	(36)		(e)																																				$	(58)		(f)

72    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

						Total realized / unrealized gains or losses for the  period (a)																																	Unrealized gains/losses for the period on assets and liabilities held on Consolidated Balance Sheet at Mar. 31, 2024 (a) (c)
Level 3 Instruments Only In millions			Fair Value Dec. 31, 2023			Included in Earnings			Included in Other comprehensive income (b)						Purchases			Sales			Issuances			Settlements			Transfers into Level 3			Transfers out of Level 3						Fair Value Mar. 31, 2024
Assets
Residential mortgage    loans held for sale			$	103		$	(1)					$	—		$	2		$	—		$	—		$	(2)		$	2		$	(6)		(d)			$	98		$	(1)
Commercial mortgage     loans held for sale			11			—						—			—			—			—			—			—			—						11			—
Securities available-for-sale
Residential mortgage-     backed non-agency			696			3						(6)			—			—			—			(25)			—			—						668			—
Commercial mortgage-backed non-agency			103			—						—			—			—			—			—			—			—						103			—
Asset-backed			102			—						—			—			—			—			(2)			—			—						100			—
Other			55			(2)						1			—			—			—			(1)			—			—						53			(2)
Total securities     available-for-sale			956			1						(5)			—			—			—			(28)			—			—						924			(2)
Loans			726			4						—			5			—			—			(20)			—			(2)			(d)			713			5
Equity investments			1,952			(5)						—			89			(6)			—			—			—			—						2,030			(5)
Residential mortgage     servicing rights			2,654			72						—			13			—			5			(57)			—			—						2,687			72
Commercial mortgage     servicing rights			1,032			107						—			12			—			3			(79)			—			—						1,075			107
Financial derivatives			6			9						—			—			—			—			(6)			—			—						9			9
Other assets			8			—						—			—			—			—			—			—			—						8			—
Total assets			$	7,448		$	187					$	(5)		$	121		$	(6)		$	8		$	(192)		$	2		$	(8)					$	7,555		$	185
Liabilities
Other borrowed funds			$	9		$	—					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	3		$	(3)		$	—		$	—					$	9		$	—
Financial derivatives			152			8						—			—			—			—			(47)			—			—						113			9
Other liabilities			237			(20)						—			—			—			13			(41)			—			—						189			2
Total liabilities			$	398		$	(12)					$	—		$	—		$	—		$	16		$	(91)		$	—		$	—					$	311		$	11
Net gains (losses)						$	199		(e)																														$	174		(f)

(a)Losses for assets are bracketed while losses for liabilities are not.

(b)The difference in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in Other comprehensive income and changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in Other comprehensive income for securities available-for-sale held at the end of the reporting period were insignificant.

(c)The amount of the total gains or losses for the period included in earnings that is attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities held at the end of the reporting period.

(d)Residential mortgage loan transfers out of Level 3 are primarily driven by residential mortgage loans transferring to OREO as well as reclassification of mortgage loans held for sale to held for investment.

(e)Net gains (losses) realized and unrealized included in earnings related to Level 3 assets and liabilities included amortization and accretion. The amortization and accretion amounts were included in Interest income on the Consolidated Income Statement and the remaining net gains (losses) realized and unrealized were included in Noninterest income on the Consolidated Income Statement.

(f)Net unrealized gains (losses) related to assets and liabilities held at the end of the reporting period were included in Noninterest income on the Consolidated Income Statement.

An instrument’s categorization within the hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Changes from one quarter to the next related to the observability of inputs to a fair value measurement may result in a reclassification (transfer) of assets or liabilities between hierarchy levels.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 73  

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Quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs within Level 3 recurring assets and liabilities follows:

Table 69: Fair Value Measurements – Recurring Quantitative Information

March 31, 2025

Level 3 Instruments Only Dollars in millions

Fair Value

Valuation Techniques

Unobservable Inputs

Range (Weighted-Average) (a)

Residential mortgage loans held for sale

$

104

Consensus pricing (b)

Cumulative default rate

3.6% - 100% (39.9%)

Loss severity

0.0% - 100% (5.9%)

Discount rate

5.5% - 9.0% (6.0%)

Commercial mortgage loans held for sale

4

Discounted cash flow

Spread over the benchmark curve (c)

560bps - 1,085bps (978bps)

Residential mortgage-backed     non-agency securities

596

Priced by a third-party vendor using a discounted cash flow pricing model

Constant prepayment rate

1.0% - 27.9% (3.6%)

Constant default rate

0.0% - 12.0% (1.7%)

Loss severity

15.0% - 100.0% (42.2%)

Spread over the benchmark curve (c)

193bps weighted-average

Asset-backed securities

92

Priced by a third-party vendor using a discounted cash flow pricing model

Constant prepayment rate

1.0% - 8.0% (4.2%)

Constant default rate

0.0% - 7.4% (1.6%)

Loss severity

35.0% - 100.0% (43.6%)

Spread over the benchmark curve (c)

163bps weighted-average

Loans - Residential real estate - Uninsured

497

Consensus pricing (b)

Cumulative default rate

3.6% - 100.0% (51.6%)

Loss severity

0.0% - 100.0% (4.8%)

Discount rate

5.5% - 7.5% (5.7%)

Loans - Residential real estate

75

Discounted cash flow

Loss severity

6.0% weighted-average

Discount rate

7.0% weighted-average

Loans - Home equity - First-lien

13

Consensus pricing (b)

Cumulative default rate

3.6% - 100.0% (50.4%)

Loss severity

0.0% - 100.0% (12.1%)

Discount rate

5.5% - 7.5% (6.1%)

Loans - Home equity - Second-lien

78

Consensus pricing (b)

Credit and liquidity discount

0.3% - 100.0% (40.1%)

Equity investments

2,223

Multiple of adjusted earnings

Multiple of earnings

5.5x - 26.7x (10.4x)

Residential mortgage servicing rights

2,523

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rate

0.0% - 49.6% (6.7%)

Spread over the benchmark curve (c)

455bps - 2,201bps (755bps)

Commercial mortgage servicing rights

1,041

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rate

4.4% - 7.6% (4.6%)

Discount rate

9.3% - 11.2% (10.9%)

Financial derivatives - Swaps related to     sales of certain Visa Class B     common shares

(157)

Discounted cash flow

Estimated conversion factor of Visa Class B shares into Class A shares

1.53 weighted-average

Estimated annual growth rate of Visa Class A share price

16.0%

Estimated litigation resolution date

Q1 2026

Insignificant Level 3 assets, net of     liabilities (d)

29

Total Level 3 assets, net of liabilities (e)

$

7,118

74    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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December 31, 2024

Level 3 Instruments Only Dollars in millions

Fair Value

Valuation Techniques

Unobservable Inputs

Range (Weighted-Average) (a)

Commercial mortgage loans held for sale

$

4

Discounted cash flow

Spread over the benchmark curve (c)

560bps - 1,075bps (970bps)

Residential mortgage-backed     non-agency securities

603

Priced by a third-party vendor using a discounted cash flow pricing model

Constant prepayment rate

1.0% - 27.9% (4.2%)

Constant default rate

0.0% - 12.0% (1.9%)

Loss severity

15.0% - 69.0% (42.4%)

Spread over the benchmark curve (c)

216bps weighted-average

Asset-backed securities

93

Priced by a third-party vendor using a discounted cash flow pricing model

Constant prepayment rate

1.0% - 8.0% (3.8%)

Constant default rate

0.0% - 7.1% (1.5%)

Loss severity

35.0% - 100.0% (45.3%)

Spread over the benchmark curve (c)

170bps weighted-average

Loans - Residential real estate - Uninsured

504

Consensus pricing (b)

Cumulative default rate

3.6% - 100.0% (52.5%)

Loss severity

0.0% - 100.0% (5.0%)

Discount rate

5.5% - 7.5% (5.7%)

Loans - Residential real estate

73

Discounted cash flow

Loss severity

6.0% weighted-average

Discount rate

7.2% weighted-average

Loans - Home equity - First-lien

14

Consensus pricing (b)

Cumulative default rate

3.6% - 100.0% (51.6%)

Loss severity

0.0% - 100.0% (12.3%)

Discount rate

5.5% - 7.5% (6.1%)

Loans - Home equity - Second-lien

79

Consensus pricing (b)

Credit and liquidity discount

0.3% - 100.0% (41.2%)

Equity investments

2,111

Multiple of adjusted earnings

Multiple of earnings

5.5x - 26.7x (10.5x)

Residential mortgage servicing rights

2,626

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rate

0.0% - 40.3% (6.4%)

Spread over the benchmark curve (c)

381bps - 2,202bps (755bps)

Commercial mortgage servicing rights

1,085

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rate

4.3% - 7.4% (4.4%)

Discount rate

9.6% - 11.5% (11.2%)

Financial derivatives - Swaps related to     sales of certain Visa Class B     common shares

(143)

Discounted cash flow

Estimated conversion factor of Visa Class B shares into Class A shares

1.54 weighted-average

Estimated annual growth rate of Visa Class A share price

16.0%

Estimated litigation resolution date

Q1 2026

Insignificant Level 3 assets, net of     liabilities (d)

45

Total Level 3 assets, net of liabilities (e)

$

7,094

(a)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative fair value of the instruments.

(b)Consensus pricing refers to fair value estimates that are generally internally developed using information such as dealer quotes or other third-party provided valuations or comparable asset prices.

(c)The assumed yield spread over the benchmark curve for each instrument is generally intended to incorporate non-interest rate risks, such as credit and liquidity risks.

(d)Represents the aggregate amount of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis that are individually and in the aggregate insignificant. The amount includes certain financial derivative assets and liabilities, trading securities, other securities, other assets, other borrowed funds and other liabilities. At December 31, 2024, the amount also includes residential mortgage loans held for sale.

(e)Consisted of total Level 3 assets of $7.4 billion and total Level 3 liabilities of $0.3 billion at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Financial Assets Accounted for at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

We may be required to measure certain financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These adjustments to fair value usually result from the application of lower of amortized cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets due to impairment and are included in Table 70. For more information regarding the valuation methodologies of our financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, see Note 14 Fair Value in our 2024 Form 10-K.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 75  

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Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis follow:

Table 70: Fair Value Measurements – Nonrecurring (a) (b) (c)

			Fair Value												Gains (Losses) Three months ended
In millions			March 31 2025						December 31 2024						March 31 2025						March 31 2024
Assets
Nonaccrual loans			$	557					$	629					$	(83)					$	(60)
Equity investments			35						198						(6)						(10)
Loans held for sale			36						—						(4)						—
OREO and foreclosed assets			4						8						—						—
Long-lived assets			7						18						(2)						(3)
Total assets			$	639					$	853					$	(95)					$	(73)

(a)All Level 3 for the periods presented, except for $36 million included in Loans held for sale which was categorized as Level 2 as of March 31, 2025.

(b)Valuation techniques applied were fair value of property or collateral.

(c)Unobservable inputs used were appraised value/sales price, broker opinions or projected income/required improvement costs. Additional quantitative information was not meaningful for the periods presented.

Financial Instruments Accounted for under Fair Value Option

We elect the fair value option to account for certain financial instruments. For more information on these financial instruments for which the fair value option election has been made, refer to the Fair Value Measurement section of this Note 11. These financial instruments are initially measured at fair value. Gains and losses from initial measurement and any changes in fair value are subsequently recognized in earnings. For interest-bearing deposits, however, any changes in fair value attributable to instrument-specific credit risk are recognized in OCI.

Interest income related to changes in the fair values of these financial instruments is recorded on the Consolidated Income Statement in Other interest income, except for certain residential mortgage loans, for which income is also recorded in Loans interest income. Changes in the value on prepaid forward contracts included in Other assets is reported in Noninterest expense, and interest expense on the Other borrowed funds is reported in Borrowed funds interest expense. Fair value gains and losses recognized in earnings on interest-bearing deposits are reported in Deposits interest expense, consistent with the classification of contractual interest on these deposits.

We have excluded accrued interest from the fair value amounts reported in Table 71. We have excluded interest income and interest expense from the changes in fair value reported in Table 72.

76    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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Fair values and aggregate unpaid principal balances of items for which we elected the fair value option are as follows:

Table 71: Fair Value Option – Fair Value and Principal Balances

			March 31, 2025																		December 31, 2024
In millions			Fair Value						Aggregate Unpaid Principal Balance						Difference						Fair Value						Aggregate Unpaid Principal Balance						Difference
Assets
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Accruing loans less than 90 days past due			$	520					$	518					$	2					$	588					$	588					$	—
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due			13						13						—						11						11						—
Nonaccrual loans			9						11						(2)						29						36						(7)
Total			$	542					$	542					$	—					$	628					$	635					$	(7)
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale (a) (b)
Accruing loans less than 90 days past due			$	465					$	460					$	5					$	203					$	200					$	3
Loans
Accruing loans less than 90 days past due			$	746					$	827					$	(81)					$	494					$	505					$	(11)
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due			126						138						(12)						126						137						(11)
Nonaccrual loans			277						381						(104)						536						718						(182)
Total			$	1,149					$	1,346					$	(197)					$	1,156					$	1,360					$	(204)
Other assets			$	131					$	130					$	1					$	133					$	142					$	(9)
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits			$	1,160					$	1,160					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—
Other borrowed funds			$	33					$	35					$	(2)					$	34					$	35					$	(1)
Other liabilities with contractual unpaid principal balance			$	28					$	31					$	(3)					$	28					$	32					$	(4)
Other liabilities without contractual unpaid principal balance			$	86					$	—					$	86					$	106					$	—					$	106

(a)There were no accruing loans 90 days or more past due within this category at March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

(b)There were no nonaccrual loans within this category at March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

The changes in fair value for items for which we elected the fair value option are as follows:

Table 72: Fair Value Option – Changes in Fair Value Included in Earnings (a)

			Gains (Losses)
			Three months ended
			March 31						March 31
In millions			2025						2024
Assets
Residential mortgage loans held for sale			$	(4)					$	8
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale			$	11					$	(5)
Loans			$	7					$	6
Other assets			$	(9)					$	5
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits			$	(1)					$	—
Other liabilities			$	(7)					$	(2)

(a)The impact on earnings of offsetting hedged items or hedging instruments is not reflected in these amounts.

Additional Fair Value Information Related to Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value

The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values, as well as the level within the fair value hierarchy, of all other financial instruments that are not recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. For more information regarding the methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair values of financial instruments included in Table 73, see Note 14 Fair Value in our 2024 Form 10-K.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 77  

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Table 73: Additional Fair Value Information Related to Other Financial Instruments

			Carrying						Fair Value
In millions			Amount						Total						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3
March 31, 2025
Assets
Cash and due from banks			$	6,102					$	6,102					$	6,102					$	—					$	—
Interest-earning deposits with banks (a)			32,298						32,298						31,878						420						—
Securities held-to-maturity			74,461						70,926						22,597						48,176						153
Net loans (excludes leases)			306,493						302,922						—						—						302,922
Other assets			6,294						6,294						—						6,294						—
Total assets			$	425,648					$	418,542					$	60,577					$	54,890					$	303,075
Liabilities
Time deposits			$	32,307					$	32,532					$	—					$	32,532					$	—
Borrowed funds			58,873						59,701						—						58,827						874
Unfunded lending related commitments			674						674						—						—						674
Other liabilities			1,081						1,081						—						1,081						—
Total liabilities			$	92,935					$	93,988					$	—					$	92,440					$	1,548
December 31, 2024
Assets
Cash and due from banks			$	6,904					$	6,904					$	6,904					$	—					$	—
Interest-earning deposits with banks (a)			39,347						39,347						38,993						354						—
Securities held-to-maturity			77,698						73,058						23,992						48,914						152
Net loans (excludes leases)			304,129						298,241						—						—						298,241
Other assets			5,722						5,722						—						5,713						9
Total assets			$	433,800					$	423,272					$	69,889					$	54,981					$	298,402
Liabilities
Time deposits			$	34,339					$	34,383					$	—					$	34,383					$	—
Borrowed funds			60,302						61,260						—						60,350						910
Unfunded lending related commitments			719						719						—						—						719
Other liabilities			1,058						1,058						—						1,058						—
Total liabilities			$	96,418					$	97,420					$	—					$	95,791					$	1,629

(a)In the second quarter of 2024, we reclassified balances held at the FRB from Level 2 to Level 1 to align with our updated cash and cash equivalents policy. For additional details, see Note 1 Accounting Policies.

The aggregate fair values in Table 73 represent only a portion of the total market value of our assets and liabilities as, in accordance with the guidance related to fair values about financial instruments, we exclude the following:

•financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis (as they are disclosed in Table 67),

•investments accounted for under the equity method,

•equity securities without a readily determinable fair value that apply for the alternative measurement approach to fair value under ASU 2016-01,

•real and personal property,

•lease financing,

•loan customer relationships,

•deposit customer intangibles,

•MSRs,

•retail branch networks,

•fee-based businesses, such as asset management and brokerage,

•trade receivables and payables due in one year or less,

•deposit liabilities with no defined or contractual maturities under ASU 2016-01 and

•insurance contracts.

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NOTE 12 FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES

We use a variety of financial derivatives to both mitigate exposure to market (primarily interest rate) and credit risks inherent in our business activities, as well as to facilitate customer risk management activities. We manage these risks as part of our overall asset and liability management process and through our credit policies and procedures. Derivatives represent contracts between parties that usually require little or no initial net investment and result in one party delivering cash or another type of asset to the other party based on a notional amount and an underlying as specified in the contract.

Derivative transactions are often measured in terms of notional amount, but this amount is generally not exchanged and it is not recorded on the balance sheet. The notional amount is the basis to which the underlying is applied to determine required payments under the derivative contract. The underlying is a referenced interest rate, security price, credit spread or other index. Residential and commercial real estate loan commitments associated with loans to be sold also qualify as derivative instruments.

For more information regarding derivatives, see Note 1 Accounting Policies and Note 15 Financial Derivatives in our 2024 Form 10-K.

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The following table presents the notional and gross fair value amounts of all derivative assets and liabilities held by us:

Table 74: Total Gross Derivatives (a)

			March 31, 2025									December 31, 2024
In millions			Notional / Contract Amount			Asset Fair Value (b)			Liability Fair Value (c)			Notional / Contract Amount			Asset Fair Value (b)			Liability Fair Value (c)
Derivatives designated for hedging
Interest rate contracts:
Fair value hedges (d)			$	55,702		$	—		$	—		$	53,750		$	—		$	—
Cash flow hedges (d)			58,578			—			—			50,721			—			2
Cash flow hedges - other (e)			25,000			196			105			25,000			149			168
Foreign exchange contracts:
Net investment hedges			1,250			—			27			1,269			14			—
Total derivatives designated for hedging			$	140,530		$	196		$	132		$	130,740		$	163		$	170
Derivatives not designated for hedging
Derivatives used for mortgage banking activities (f):
Interest rate contracts:
Swaps			$	34,354		$	—		$	—		$	35,941		$	—		$	—
Futures (g)			6,967			—			—			9,962			—			—
Mortgage-backed commitments			5,786			75			67			4,815			73			66
Other			21,522			47			20			13,098			19			13
Total interest rate contracts			68,629			122			87			63,816			92			79
Derivatives used for customer-related activities:
Interest rate contracts:
Swaps			399,382			1,513			3,200			406,747			1,544			4,130
Futures (g)			115			—			—			113			—			—
Mortgage-backed commitments			5,165			18			18			3,275			21			7
Other			32,014			98			78			32,280			123			100
Total interest rate contracts			436,676			1,629			3,296			442,415			1,688			4,237
Commodity contracts:
Swaps			6,351			525			502			6,725			313			288
Other			9,000			261			260			8,496			208			208
Total commodity contracts			15,351			786			762			15,221			521			496
Foreign exchange contracts and other			37,685			285			236			38,729			403			364
Total derivatives for customer-related activities			489,712			2,700			4,294			496,365			2,612			5,097
Derivatives used for other risk management activities:
Foreign exchange contracts and other			13,782			56			217			11,031			144			149
Total derivatives not designated for hedging			$	572,123		$	2,878		$	4,598		$	571,212		$	2,848		$	5,325
Total gross derivatives			$	712,653		$	3,074		$	4,730		$	701,952		$	3,011		$	5,495
Less: Impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements						1,458			1,458						1,298			1,298
Less: Cash collateral received/paid						504			897						897			1,029
Total derivatives						$	1,112		$	2,375					$	816		$	3,168

(a)Centrally cleared derivatives are settled in cash daily and result in no derivative asset or derivative liability being recognized on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(b)Included in Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(c)Included in Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(d)Represents primarily swaps.

(e)Represents caps and floors.

(f)Includes both residential and commercial mortgage banking activities.

(g)Futures contracts are settled in cash daily and result in no derivative asset or derivative liability being recognized on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

All derivatives are carried on our Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value. Derivative balances are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet on a net basis taking into consideration the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements and, when appropriate, any related cash collateral exchanged with counterparties. Further discussion regarding the offsetting rights associated with these legally enforceable master netting agreements is included in the Offsetting and Counterparty Credit Risk section of this Note 12. Any nonperformance risk, including credit risk, is included in the determination of the estimated net fair value of the derivatives.

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Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments

Certain derivatives used to manage interest rate and foreign exchange risk as part of our asset and liability risk management activities are designated as accounting hedges. Derivatives hedging the risks associated with changes in the fair value of assets or liabilities are considered fair value hedges, derivatives hedging the variability of expected future cash flows are considered cash flow hedges and derivatives hedging a net investment in a foreign subsidiary are considered net investment hedges. Designating derivatives as accounting hedges allows for gains and losses on those derivatives to be recognized in the same period and in the same income statement line item as the earnings impact of the hedged items.

Fair Value Hedges

We enter into receive-fixed, pay-variable interest rate swaps to hedge changes in the fair value of outstanding fixed-rate debt caused by fluctuations in market interest rates. We also enter into pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swaps and zero-coupon swaps to hedge changes in the fair value of fixed rate and zero-coupon investment securities caused by fluctuations in market interest rates. Gains and losses on the interest rate swaps designated in these hedge relationships, along with the offsetting gains and losses on the hedged items attributable to the hedged risk, are recognized in current earnings within the same income statement line item.

Cash Flow Hedges

We enter into receive-fixed, pay-variable interest rate swaps and interest rate caps and floors to modify the interest rate characteristics of designated commercial loans from variable to fixed in order to reduce the impact of changes in future cash flows due to market interest rate changes. We also periodically enter into forward purchase and sale contracts to hedge the variability of the consideration that will be paid or received related to the purchase or sale of investment securities. The forecasted purchase or sale is consummated upon gross settlement of the forward contract itself. For these cash flow hedges, gains and losses on the hedging instruments are recorded in AOCI and are then reclassified into earnings in the same period the hedged cash flows affect earnings and within the same income statement line as the hedged cash flows.

In the 12 months that follow March 31, 2025, we expect to reclassify net derivative losses of $0.4 billion pretax, or $0.3 billion after-tax, from AOCI to interest income for these cash flow hedge strategies. This reclassified amount could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations and the addition of other hedges subsequent to March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, the maximum length of time over which forecasted transactions are hedged is ten years.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 81  

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Further detail regarding gains (losses) related to our fair value and cash flow hedge derivatives is presented in the following table:

Table 75: Gains (Losses) Recognized on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedges in the Consolidated Income Statement (a) (b)

			Location and Amount of Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income
			Interest Income						Interest Expense			Noninterest Income
In millions			Loans			Investment Securities			Borrowed Funds			Other
For the three months ended March 31, 2025
Total amounts in the Consolidated Income Statement			$	4,472		$	1,124		$	846		$	137
Gains (losses) on fair value hedges recognized on:
Hedged items (c)			$	—		$	329		$	(558)		$	—
Derivatives			$	—		$	(329)		$	562		$	—
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives			$	—		$	24		$	(96)		$	—
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges (d):
Amount of derivative gains (losses) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income			$	(189)		$	(7)		$	—		$	2
Other amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives			$	5		$	—		$	—		$	—
For the three months ended March 31, 2024
Total amounts in the Consolidated Income Statement			$	4,819		$	883		$	1,159		$	135
Gains (losses) on fair value hedges recognized on:
Hedged items (c)			$	—		$	(74)		$	413		$	—
Derivatives			$	—		$	74		$	(428)		$	—
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives			$	—		$	10		$	(175)		$	—
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges (d):
Amount of derivative gains (losses) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income			$	(369)		$	(7)		$	—		$	—
Other amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives			$	22		$	—		$	—		$	—

(a)For all periods presented, there were no components of derivative gains or losses excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness for any of the fair value or cash flow hedge strategies.

(b)All cash flow and fair value hedge derivatives were interest rate contracts for the periods presented.

(c)Includes an insignificant amount of fair value hedge adjustments related to discontinued hedge relationships.

(d)For all periods presented, there were no gains or losses from cash flow hedge derivatives reclassified to income because it became probable that the original forecasted transaction would not occur.

Detail regarding the impact of fair value hedge accounting on the carrying value of the hedged items is presented in the following table:

Table 76: Hedged Items - Fair Value Hedges

 

			March 31, 2025												December 31, 2024
In millions			Carrying Value of the Hedged Items						Cumulative Fair Value Hedge Adjustment included in the Carrying Value of Hedged Items (a)						Carrying Value of the Hedged Items						Cumulative Fair Value Hedge Adjustment  included in the Carrying  Value of Hedged Items (a)
Investment securities - available-for-sale (b)			$	20,289					$	24					$	18,716					$	(305)
Borrowed funds			$	37,004					$	(499)					$	35,139					$	(1,057)

(a)Includes fair value hedge adjustments of less than $0.1 billion and less than $(0.1) billion related to discontinued available-for-sale securities and borrowed funds hedge relationships at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(b)Carrying value shown represents amortized cost.

Net Investment Hedges

We enter into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge non-U.S. dollar net investments in foreign subsidiaries against adverse changes in foreign exchange rates. We assess whether the hedging relationship is highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in the value of the hedge and hedged item by qualitatively verifying that the critical terms of the hedge and hedged item match at the inception of the hedging relationship and on an ongoing basis. Net investment hedge derivatives are classified as foreign exchange contracts. There were no components of derivative gains or losses excluded from the assessment of the hedge effectiveness for the periods presented. Net gains (losses) on net investment hedge derivatives recognized in OCI were $(41) million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and insignificant for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments

Beginning in the first quarter of 2025, the other risk management portfolio includes derivatives that are used to economically hedge interest-rate risk associated with interest-bearing brokered time deposits accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis. Gains or

82    The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q

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losses on these derivatives are included in Deposits interest expense on our Consolidated Income Statement. For additional information on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under GAAP, see Note 15 Financial Derivatives in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Further detail regarding the gains (losses) on derivatives not designated in hedging relationships is presented in the following table:

Table 77: Gains (Losses) on Derivatives Not Designated for Hedging

									Three months ended March 31
In millions												2025			2024
Derivatives used for mortgage banking activities:
Interest rate contracts (a)												$	85		$	(123)
Derivatives used for customer-related activities:
Interest rate contracts												(21)			(16)
Foreign exchange contracts and other												68			29
Gains from customer-related activities (b)												47			13
Derivatives used for other risk management activities:
Foreign exchange contracts and other (b)												(174)			125
Total gains (losses) from derivatives not designated as hedging instruments												$	(42)		$	15

(a)Included in Residential and commercial mortgage noninterest income on our Consolidated Income Statement.

(b)Included in Capital markets and advisory and Other noninterest income and Deposits interest expense on our Consolidated Income Statement.

Offsetting and Counterparty Credit Risk

We generally utilize a net presentation on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for those derivative financial instruments entered into with counterparties under legally enforceable master netting agreements. The master netting agreements reduce credit risk by permitting the closeout netting of all outstanding derivative instruments under the master netting agreement with the same counterparty upon the occurrence of an event of default. The master netting agreement also may require the exchange of cash or marketable securities to collateralize either party’s net position. For additional information on derivative offsetting and counterparty credit risk, see Note 15 Financial Derivatives in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Table 78 shows the impact legally enforceable master netting agreements had on our derivative assets and derivative liabilities at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The table includes cash collateral held or pledged under legally enforceable master netting agreements. The table also includes the fair value of any securities collateral held or pledged under legally enforceable master netting agreements. Cash and securities collateral amounts are included in the table only to the extent of the related net derivative fair values.

Table 78 includes OTC derivatives not settled through an exchange (“OTC derivatives”) and OTC derivatives cleared through a central clearing house (“OTC cleared derivatives”). OTC derivatives represent contracts executed bilaterally with counterparties that are not settled through an organized exchange or directly cleared through a central clearing house. The majority of OTC derivatives are governed by the ISDA documentation or other legally enforceable master netting agreements. OTC cleared derivatives represent contracts executed bilaterally with counterparties in the OTC market that are novated to a central clearing house that then becomes our counterparty. OTC cleared derivative instruments are typically settled in cash each day based on the prior day value.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 83  

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Table 78: Derivative Assets and Liabilities Offsetting

In millions												Amounts Offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet																								Securities Collateral Held/Pledged Under Master Netting Agreements
						Gross Fair Value						Fair Value Offset Amount						Cash Collateral						Net Fair Value																		Net Amounts
March 31, 2025
Derivative assets
Interest rate contracts:
Over-the-counter cleared						$	21					$	—					$	—					$	21											$	—					$	21
Over-the-counter						1,926						990						439						497												47						450
Commodity contracts						786						332						21						433												—						433
Foreign exchange and other contracts						341						136						44						161												—						161
Total derivative assets						$	3,074					$	1,458					$	504					$	1,112					(a)						$	47					$	1,065
Derivative liabilities
Interest rate contracts:
Over-the-counter cleared						$	22					$	—					$	—					$	22											$	—					$	22
Over-the-counter						3,466						769						831						1,866												44						1,822
Commodity contracts						762						506						53						203												—						203
Foreign exchange and other contracts						480						183						13						284												—						284
Total derivative liabilities						$	4,730					$	1,458					$	897					$	2,375					(b)						$	44					$	2,331
December 31, 2024
Derivative assets
Interest rate contracts:
Over-the-counter cleared						$	35					$	—					$	—					$	35											$	—					$	35
Over-the-counter						1,894						843						629						422												38						384
Commodity contracts						521						296						85						140												5						135
Foreign exchange and other contracts						561						159						183						219												2						217
Total derivative assets						$	3,011					$	1,298					$	897					$	816					(a)						$	45					$	771
Derivative liabilities
Interest rate contracts:
Over-the-counter cleared						$	17					$	—					$	—					$	17											$	—					$	17
Over-the-counter						4,469						732						1,019						2,718												57						2,661
Commodity contracts						496						393						2						101												—						101
Foreign exchange and other contracts						513						173						8						332												—						332
Total derivative liabilities						$	5,495					$	1,298					$	1,029					$	3,168					(b)						$	57					$	3,111

(a)Represents the net amount of derivative assets included in Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(b)Represents the net amount of derivative liabilities included in Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

In addition to using master netting agreements and other collateral agreements to reduce credit risk associated with derivative instruments, we also seek to manage credit risk by evaluating credit ratings of counterparties and by using internal credit analysis, limits and monitoring procedures.

At March 31, 2025, cash and debt securities (primarily agency mortgage-backed securities) totaling $2.1 billion were pledged to us under master netting agreements and other collateral agreements to collateralize net derivative assets due from counterparties and to meet initial margin requirements, and we pledged cash and debt securities (primarily agency mortgage-backed securities) totaling $2.4 billion under these agreements to collateralize net derivative liabilities owed to counterparties and to meet initial margin requirements. These totals may differ from the amounts presented in the preceding offsetting table because these totals may include collateral exchanged under an agreement that does not qualify as a master netting agreement or because the total amount of collateral pledged exceeds the net derivative fair values with the counterparty as of the balance sheet date due to timing or other factors, such as initial margin. To the extent not netted against the derivative fair values under a master netting agreement, the receivable for cash pledged is included in Other assets and the obligation for cash held is included in Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Securities pledged to us by counterparties are not recognized on our balance sheet. Likewise, securities we have pledged to counterparties remain on our balance sheet.

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Credit-Risk Contingent Features

Certain derivative agreements contain various credit-risk-related contingent provisions, such as those that require our debt to maintain a specified credit rating from one or more of the major credit rating agencies. If our debt ratings were to fall below such specified ratings, the counterparties to the derivative instruments could request immediate payment or demand immediate and ongoing full collateralization on derivative instruments in net liability positions. The following table presents the aggregate fair value of derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features, the associated collateral posted in the normal course of business and the maximum amount of collateral we would be required to post if the credit-risk-related contingent features underlying these agreements had been triggered on March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

Table 79: Credit-Risk Contingent Features

In billions			March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Net derivative liabilities with credit-risk contingent features			$	3.2					$	3.9
Less: Collateral posted			1.1						1.1
Maximum additional amount of collateral exposure			$	2.1					$	2.8

NOTE 13 LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We establish accruals for legal proceedings, including litigation and regulatory and governmental investigations and inquiries, when information related to the loss contingencies represented by those matters indicates both that a loss is probable and that the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Any such accruals are adjusted thereafter as appropriate to reflect changed circumstances. When we are able to do so, we also determine estimates of reasonably possible losses or ranges of reasonably possible losses, whether in excess of any related accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability, for disclosed legal proceedings (“Disclosed Matters,” which are those matters disclosed in Note 20 Legal Proceedings in our 2024 Form 10-K (such prior disclosure referred to as “Prior Disclosure”)). For Disclosed Matters where we are able to estimate such possible losses or ranges of possible losses, as of March 31, 2025, we estimate that it is reasonably possible that we could incur losses in excess of related accrued liabilities, if any, in an aggregate amount less than $300 million. The estimates included in this amount are based on our analysis of currently available information and are subject to significant judgment and a variety of assumptions and uncertainties. As new information is obtained we may change our estimates. Due to the inherent subjectivity of the assessments and unpredictability of outcomes of legal proceedings, any amounts accrued or included in this aggregate amount may not represent the ultimate loss to us from the legal proceedings in question. Thus, our exposure and ultimate losses may be higher, and possibly significantly so, than the amounts accrued or this aggregate amount.

As a result of the types of factors described in Note 20 Legal Proceedings in our 2024 Form 10-K, we are unable, at this time, to estimate the losses that are reasonably possible to be incurred or ranges of such losses with respect to some of the Disclosed Matters, and the aggregate estimated amount provided above does not include an estimate for every Disclosed Matter. Therefore, as the estimated aggregate amount disclosed above does not include all of the Disclosed Matters, the amount disclosed above does not represent our maximum reasonably possible loss exposure for all of the Disclosed Matters. The estimated aggregate amount also does not reflect any of our exposure to matters not so disclosed, as discussed below under “Other.”

We include in some of the descriptions of individual Disclosed Matters certain quantitative information related to the plaintiff’s claim against us as alleged in the plaintiff’s pleadings or other public filings or otherwise publicly available information. While information of this type may provide insight into the potential magnitude of a matter, it does not necessarily represent our estimate of reasonably possible loss or our judgment as to any currently appropriate accrual.

Some of our exposure in Disclosed Matters may be offset by applicable insurance coverage. We do not consider the possible availability of insurance coverage in determining the amounts of any accruals (although we would record the amount of related insurance recoveries that are deemed probable up to the amount of the accrual) or in determining any estimates of possible losses or ranges of possible losses.

Regulatory and Governmental Inquiries

We are the subject of investigations, audits, examinations and other forms of regulatory and governmental inquiry covering a broad

range of issues in our consumer, mortgage, brokerage, securities and other financial services businesses, as well as other aspects of our operations. In some cases, these inquiries are part of reviews of specified activities at multiple industry participants; in others, they are directed at PNC individually. From time to time, these inquiries have involved and may in the future involve or lead to regulatory enforcement actions and other administrative proceedings. These inquiries have also led to and may in the future lead to civil or criminal judicial proceedings. Some of these inquiries result in remedies including fines, penalties, restitution, or alterations in our business practices, and in additional expenses and collateral costs and other consequences. Such remedies and other consequences typically have not been material to us from a financial standpoint, but could be in the future. Even if not financially material, they may result in significant reputational harm or other adverse consequences. Our practice is to cooperate fully with regulatory and governmental investigations, audits and other inquiries.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 85  

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Other

In addition to the proceedings or other matters described in Prior Disclosure, PNC and persons to whom we may have indemnification obligations, in the normal course of business, are subject to various other pending and threatened legal proceedings in which claims for monetary damages and other relief are asserted. We do not anticipate, at the present time, that the ultimate aggregate liability, if any, arising out of such other legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on our financial position. However, we cannot now determine whether or not any claims asserted against us or others to whom we may have indemnification obligations, whether in the proceedings or other matters described above or otherwise, will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in any future reporting period, which will depend on, among other things, the amount of the loss resulting from the claim and the amount of income otherwise reported for the reporting period.

NOTE 14 SEGMENT REPORTING

The following disclosures reflect the adoption of ASU 2023-07, see Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information related to our adoption of this ASU.

We have three reportable business segments: Retail Banking, Corporate & Institutional Banking and the Asset Management Group. Our reportable business segments are defined by the nature of products and services, types of customers, methods used to distribute products or provide services and similar financial performance. Results of our reportable business segments are regularly reviewed by the CODM, our Chief Executive Officer. Specifically, the CODM reviews actual and forecasted quarterly financial reporting results, including net income, to assess performance and allocate resources accordingly. However, the CODM may use other metrics on an ad hoc basis as warranted.

The following describes the products and services of each business segment:

Retail Banking provides deposit, lending, brokerage, insurance services, investment management and cash management products and services to consumer and small business customers who are serviced through our coast-to-coast branch network, digital channels, ATMs, or through our phone-based customer contact centers. Deposit products include checking, savings and money market accounts and time deposits. Lending products include residential mortgages, home equity loans and lines of credit, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and personal and small business loans and lines of credit. The residential mortgage loans are directly originated within our branch network and nationwide, and are typically underwritten to agency and/or third-party standards, and either sold, servicing retained or held on our balance sheet. Brokerage, investment management and cash management products and services include managed, education, retirement and trust accounts.

Corporate & Institutional Banking provides lending, treasury management, capital markets and advisory products and services to mid-sized and large corporations and government and not-for-profit entities. Lending products include secured and unsecured loans, letters of credit and equipment leases. The Treasury Management business provides corporations with cash and investment management services, receivables and disbursement management services, funds transfer services and access to online/mobile information management and reporting services. Capital markets and advisory includes services and activities primarily related to merger and acquisitions advisory, equity capital markets advisory, asset-backed financing, loan syndication, securities underwriting and customer-related trading. We also provide commercial loan servicing and technology solutions for the commercial real estate finance industry. Products and services are provided nationally.

Asset Management Group provides private banking for high net worth and ultra high net worth clients and institutional asset management. The Asset Management group is composed of two operating units:

•PNC Private Bank provides products and services to emerging affluent, high net worth and ultra high net worth individuals and their families including investment and retirement planning, customized investment management, credit and cash management solutions, trust management and administration. In addition, multi-generational family planning services are also provided to ultra high net worth individuals and their families, which include estate, financial, tax, fiduciary and customized performance reporting through PNC Private Bank Hawthorn.

•Institutional Asset Management provides outsourced chief investment officer, custody, cash and fixed income client solutions and retirement plan fiduciary investment services to institutional clients including corporations, healthcare systems, insurance companies, unions, municipalities and non-profits.

Basis of Presentation

Results of individual businesses are presented based on our internal management reporting practices. There is no comprehensive, authoritative body of guidance for management accounting equivalent to GAAP; therefore, the financial results of our individual businesses are not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other company. We periodically refine our internal methodologies as management reporting practices are enhanced. To the extent significant and practicable, retrospective application of

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new methodologies is made to prior period reportable business segment results and disclosures to create comparability with the current period.

Funds Transfer Pricing

Net interest income in business segment results reflects our internal FTP methodology, which is designed to consider interest rate and liquidity risks. Under our methodology, assets receive a funding charge while liabilities and capital receive a funding credit based on market interest rates, product characteristics and other factors.

Our FTP framework considers the application of funding curves and methodologies consistently across the balance sheet. A residual gain or loss from FTP operations is not allocated to our reportable business segments. This residual gain or loss is reviewed by management quarterly, in accordance with the interagency guidance of the FDIC, Federal Reserve and OCC.

Segment Allocations

Financial results are presented, to the extent practicable, as if each business operated on a standalone basis, and includes expense allocations for corporate overhead services used by the business segments.

Certain costs are not allocated to our reportable business segments because they (i) are transitory or highly irregular in nature, (ii) exist solely to support corporate activities unrelated to business segment operations, or (iii) reflect residual costs for an exited business.

We have allocated the ALLL and the allowance for unfunded lending related commitments based on the loan exposures within each business segment’s portfolio.

Results of our reportable business segments for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

Table 80: Business Segment Results

						Retail Banking						Corporate & Institutional Banking						Asset Management Group
Three months ended March 31 In millions						2025			2024			2025			2024			2025			2024
Net interest income						$	2,826		$	2,617		$	1,628		$	1,520		$	184		$	157
Noninterest income						706			764			978			888			243			230
Total revenue						3,532			3,381			2,606			2,408			427			387
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses						168			118			49			47			1			(5)
Noninterest expense
Personnel						548			551			376			366			121			121
Segment allocations (a)						938			894			383			366			117			107
Depreciation and amortization						89			79			51			50			8			7
Other (b)						328			313			146			140			33			30
Total noninterest expense						1,903			1,837			956			922			279			265
Income before income taxes and noncontrolling interests						1,461			1,426			1,601			1,439			147			127
Income taxes						340			333			353			313			34			30
Net income						1,121			1,093			1,248			1,126			113			97
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests						9			8			4			5			—			—
Net income excluding noncontrolling interests						$	1,112		$	1,085		$	1,244		$	1,121		$	113		$	97
Average Assets						$	112,971		$	114,199		$	227,069		$	228,698		$	16,702		$	16,728

(a)Represents expense allocations for corporate overhead services used by each business segment; primarily comprised of technology, human resources and occupancy-related allocations.

(b)Other is primarily comprised of other direct expenses including outside services and equipment expense.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 87  

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The following table represents reconciliations of financial results for the three reportable segments to our consolidated reporting.

Table 81: Reconciliation of Business Segment Results to Consolidated

Three months ended March 31 In millions						2025						2024
Revenues
Total business segment revenue						$	6,565					$	6,176
Revenues from other activities						(1,113)						(1,031)
Total revenue						$	5,452					$	5,145
Noninterest Expense
Total business segment noninterest expense						$	3,138					$	3,024
FDIC special assessment						—						130
Noninterest expense from other activities						249						180
Total noninterest expense						$	3,387					$	3,334
Net Income
Total business segment net income						$	2,482					$	2,316
FDIC special assessment						—						(130)
Net income (loss) from other activities						(983)						(842)
Net income						$	1,499					$	1,344
Average Assets
Total business segment average assets						$	356,742					$	359,625
Average assets from other activities						199,635						203,223
Total average assets						$	556,377					$	562,848

Other activities reflect the remaining corporate operations that do not meet the criteria for disclosure as a separate reportable business. These include residual activities such as asset and liability management activities, including net securities gains or losses, ACL for investment securities, certain trading activities, certain runoff consumer loan portfolios, private equity investments, intercompany eliminations, corporate overhead net of allocations, tax adjustments that are not allocated to business segments, exited businesses and the residual impact from FTP operations.

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NOTE 15 FEE-BASED REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

As more fully described in Note 23 Fee-based Revenue from Contracts with Customers in our 2024 Form 10-K, a subset of our noninterest income relates to certain fee-based revenue within the scope of ASC Topic 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).

Fee-based revenue within the scope of Topic 606 is recognized within our three reportable business segments: Retail Banking, Corporate & Institutional Banking and the Asset Management Group. Interest income, income from lease contracts, fair value gains from financial instruments (including derivatives), income from mortgage servicing rights and guarantee products, letter of credit fees, non-refundable fees associated with acquiring or originating a loan and gains from the sale of financial assets are outside of the scope of Topic 606.

Table 82 presents the noninterest income recognized within the scope of Topic 606 for each of our three reportable business segments’ principal products and services, along with the relationship to the noninterest income revenue streams shown on our Consolidated Income Statement. For a description of the fee-based revenue and how it is recognized for each segment’s principal products and services, see Note 23 Fee-based Revenue from Contracts with Customers in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Table 82: Noninterest Income by Business Segment and Reconciliation to Consolidated Noninterest Income

						Three Months Ended March 31, 2025															Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
In millions						Retail Banking						Corporate & Institutional Banking						Asset Management Group			Retail Banking						Corporate & Institutional Banking						Asset Management Group
Asset management and brokerage
Asset management fees						$	—					$	—					$	239		$	—					$	—					$	227
Brokerage fees						152						—						—			137						—						—
Total asset management and brokerage						152						—						239			137						—						227
Card and cash management
Treasury management fees						10						390						—			10						357						—
Debit card fees						169						—						—			167						—						—
Net credit card fees (a)						41						—						—			45						—						—
Merchant services						35						17						—			37						19						—
Other						20						—						—			22						—						—
Total card and cash management						275						407						—			281						376						—
Lending and deposit services
Deposit account fees						161						—						—			155						—						—
Other						17						7						—			16						9						—
Total lending and deposit services						178						7						—			171						9						—
Residential and commercial mortgage (b)						—						29						—			—						30						—
Capital markets and advisory						—						217						—			—						190						—
Other						—						11						—			—						17						—
Total in-scope noninterest income						605						671						239			589						622						227
Out-of-scope noninterest income (c)						101						307						4			175						266						3
Noninterest income by business segment						$	706					$	978					$	243		$	764					$	888					$	230
Reconciliation to consolidated noninterest income
Total in-scope business segment noninterest income																		$	1,515														$	1,438
Out-of-scope business segment noninterest income (c)																		412															444
Noninterest income from Other (d)																		49															(1)
Noninterest income as shown on the Consolidated Income Statement																		$	1,976														$	1,881

(a)Net credit card fees consist of interchange fees of $162 million and $158 million and credit card reward costs totaled $121 million and $113 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(b)Residential mortgage noninterest income falls under the scope of other accounting and disclosure requirements outside of Topic 606 and is included within the out-of-scope noninterest income line for the Retail Banking segment.

(c)Out-of-scope noninterest income includes revenue streams that fall under the scope of other accounting and disclosure requirements outside of Topic 606.

(d)Includes residual activities from corporate operations. For additional information, see Note 14 Segment Reporting.

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 89  

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GLOSSARY

DEFINED TERMS

For a glossary of terms commonly used in our filings, please see the glossary of terms included in our 2024 Form 10-K.

ACRONYMS

ACL

Allowance for credit losses

ISDA

International Swaps and Derivatives Association

ALCO

Asset and Liability Committee

LCR

Liquidity coverage ratio

ALLL

Allowance for loan and lease losses

LGD

Loss given default

AOCI

Accumulated other comprehensive income

LIHTC

Low income housing tax credit

ASC

Accounting Standards Codification

LLC

Limited liability company

ASU

Accounting Standards Update

LTV

Loan-to-value ratio

BHC

Bank holding company

MD&A

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

bps

Basis points

MSR

Mortgage servicing right

CCAR

Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review

NII

Net interest income

CECL

Current Expected Credit Losses

NMTC

New market tax credit

CET1

Common equity tier 1

NSFR

Net stable funding ratio

CFPB

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

OCC

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

CODM

Chief operating decision maker

OCI

Other comprehensive income

CRA

Community Reinvestment Act

OREO

Other real estate owned

EVE

Economic value of equity

OTC

Over-the-counter

FDIC

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

PCD

Purchased credit deteriorated

FDM

Financial difficulty modification

PD

Probability of default

FHLB

Federal Home Loan Bank

RAC

Reserve Adequacy Committee

FHLMC

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

ROAP

Removal of account provisions

FICO

Fair Isaac Corporation (credit score)

SCB

Stress capital buffer

FNMA

Federal National Mortgage Association

SEC

Securities and Exchange Commission

FOMC

Federal Open Market Committee

SOFR

Secured Overnight Financing Rate

FRB

Federal Reserve Bank

SPE

Special purpose entity

FTP

Funds transfer pricing

U.S.

United States of America

GAAP

Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America

VaR

Value-at-risk

GDP

Gross domestic product

VIE

Variable interest entity

GNMA

Government National Mortgage Association

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

See the information set forth in Note 13 Legal Proceedings, which is incorporated by reference in response to this item.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There are no material changes from any of the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2024 Form 10-K in response to Part I, Item 1A.

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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Equity Security Repurchases

Details of our repurchases of PNC common stock during the first quarter of 2025 are included in the following table:

2025 period In thousands, except per share data			Total shares purchased (a)			Average price paid per share			Total shares purchased as part of publicly announced programs (b)			Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the programs (b)
January 1 - 31			187			$	197.46		185			41,344
February 1 - 28			629			$	195.06		224			41,120
March 1 - 31			586			$	175.03		586			40,534
Total			1,402			$	187.01		995

(a)Includes PNC common stock purchased in connection with our various employee benefit plans generally related to forfeitures of unvested restricted stock awards and shares used to cover employee payroll tax withholding requirements. See Note 16 Employee Benefit Plans and Note 17 Stock Based Compensation Plans in our 2024 Form 10-K, which include additional information regarding our employee benefit and equity compensation plans that use PNC common stock.

(b)Consistent with the SCB framework, which allows for capital return in amounts in excess of the SCB minimum levels, our Board of Directors has authorized a repurchase framework under the previously approved repurchase program of up to 100 million common shares, of which approximately 41% were still available for repurchase at March 31, 2025. Second quarter 2025 share repurchase activity is expected to increase as compared to recent quarterly average share repurchase levels. PNC may adjust share repurchase activity depending on market and economic conditions, as well as other factors. PNC’s SCB for the four-quarter period beginning October 1, 2024 is the regulatory minimum of 2.5%.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Director or Executive Officer Rule 10b5-1 and Non-Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, none of PNC’s directors or executive officers adopted, terminated or modified a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

The following exhibit index lists Exhibits filed or furnished with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:

EXHIBIT INDEX
10.32						The Corporation’s Executive Severance Plan dated as of March 21, 2025, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 27, 2025
10.33						Offer Letter for Mark Wiedman
10.34						Waiver and Release of Claims Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2025
22						Subsidiary Issuers of Guaranteed Securities
31.1						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2						Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1						Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
32.2						Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101.INS						Inline XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL.

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You can obtain copies of these Exhibits electronically at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The Exhibits are also available as part of this Form 10-Q on PNC’s corporate website at www.pnc.com/secfilings. Shareholders and bondholders may also obtain copies of Exhibits, without charge, by contacting Investor Relations at 800-843-2206 or via e-mail at investor.relations@pnc.com. The Interactive Data File (XBRL) exhibit is only available electronically.

CORPORATE INFORMATION

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc.

Internet Information

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc.’s financial reports and information about its products and services are available on the internet at www.pnc.com. We provide information for investors on our corporate website under “About Us – Investor Relations.” We use our account with X, formerly known as Twitter, @pncnews, as an additional way of disseminating to the public information that may be relevant to investors.

We generally post the following under “About Us – Investor Relations” shortly before or promptly following its first use or release: financially-related press releases, including earnings releases and supplemental financial information, various SEC filings, including annual, quarterly and current reports and proxy statements, presentation materials associated with earnings and other investor conference calls or events, and access to live and recorded audio from earnings and other investor conference calls or events. In some cases, we may post the presentation materials for other investor conference calls or events several days prior to the call or event. For earnings and other conference calls or events, we generally include in our posted materials a cautionary statement regarding forward-looking and non-GAAP financial information and we provide GAAP reconciliations when we include non-GAAP financial information. Such GAAP reconciliations may be in materials for the applicable presentation, in materials for prior presentations or in our annual, quarterly or current reports.

When warranted, we will also use our website to expedite public access to time-critical information regarding PNC instead of using a press release or a filing with the SEC for first disclosure of the information. In some circumstances, the information may be relevant to investors but directed at customers, in which case it may be accessed directly through the home page rather than “About Us – Investor Relations.”

We are required to provide additional public disclosure regarding estimated income, losses and pro forma regulatory capital ratios under supervisory and PNC-developed hypothetical severely adverse economic scenarios, as well as information concerning our capital stress testing processes, pursuant to the stress testing regulations adopted by the Federal Reserve and the OCC. We are also required to make certain additional regulatory capital-related public disclosures about our capital structure, risk exposures, risk assessment processes, risk-weighted assets and overall capital adequacy, including market risk-related disclosures, under the regulatory capital rules adopted by the Federal banking agencies. Similarly, the Federal Reserve’s rules require quantitative and qualitative disclosures about our LCR and NSFR. Under these regulations, we may satisfy these requirements through postings on our website, and, subject to limited exceptions, we have done so and expect to continue to do so without also providing disclosure of this information through filings with the SEC.

Other information posted on our corporate website that may not be available in our filings with the SEC includes information relating to our corporate governance and annual communications from our chairman to shareholders.

Where we have included internet addresses in this Report, such as our internet address and the internet address of the SEC, we have included those internet addresses as inactive textual references only. Except as specifically incorporated by reference into this Report, information on those websites is not part hereof.

Financial Information

We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act and, in accordance with the Exchange Act, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC File Number is 001-09718. You can obtain copies of these and other filings, including exhibits, electronically at the SEC’s internet website at www.sec.gov or on our corporate internet website at www.pnc.com/secfilings. Shareholders and bond holders may also obtain copies of these filings without charge by contacting PNC Investor Relations at 800-843-2206, via the information request form at www.pnc.com/investorrelations for copies without exhibits, or via email to investor.relations@pnc.com for copies of exhibits, including financial statements and schedule exhibits where applicable. The interactive date file (XBRL) is only available electronically.

Corporate Governance at PNC

Information about our Board of Directors and its committees and corporate governance, including our PNC Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (as amended from time to time), is available on our website at www.pnc.com/corporategovernance. In addition, any future waivers from a provision of the PNC Code of Business Conduct and Ethics covering any of our directors or executive officers

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(including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer or controller) will be posted at this internet address.

Shareholders who would like to request printed copies of the PNC Code of Business Conduct and Ethics or our Corporate Governance Guidelines or the charters of our Board’s Audit, Nominating and Governance, Human Resources or Risk Committees (all of which are posted on our website at www.pnc.com/corporategovernance) may do so by sending their requests to our Corporate Secretary at The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. at The Tower at PNC Plaza, 300 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222-2401. Copies will be provided without charge.

Inquiries

For customer inquiries, call 800-PNC-BANK.

Registered shareholders should contact Shareholder Services at 800-982-7652. Hearing impaired: 800-952-9245.

Analysts and institutional investors should contact Bryan Gill, Executive Vice President, Director of Investor Relations, at 412-768-4143 or via email at investor.relations@pnc.com.

News media representatives should contact PNC Media Relations at 412-762-4550 or via email at media.relations@pnc.com.

Dividend Policy

Holders of PNC common stock are entitled to receive dividends when declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available for this purpose. Our Board of Directors may not pay or set apart dividends on the common stock until dividends for all past dividend periods on any series of outstanding preferred stock and certain outstanding capital securities issued by the parent company

have been paid or declared and set apart for payment. The Board of Directors currently intends to continue the policy of paying quarterly cash dividends. The amount of any future dividends will depend on economic and market conditions, our financial condition and operating results, and other factors, including contractual restrictions and applicable government regulations and policies (such as those relating to the ability of bank and non-bank subsidiaries to pay dividends to the parent company and regulatory capital limitations). The amount of our dividend is also currently subject to the results of the supervisory assessment of capital adequacy and capital planning processes undertaken by the Federal Reserve as part of the CCAR process, which includes setting PNC’s SCB, as described in the Capital Management portion of the Risk Management section of this Report and in the Supervision and Regulation section in Item 1 of our 2024 Form 10-K.

Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan enables holders of our common stock to conveniently purchase additional shares of common stock. Obtain a prospectus and enroll at www.computershare.com/pnc or contact Computershare at 800-982-7652. Registered shareholders may also contact this phone number regarding dividends and other shareholder services.

Stock Transfer Agent and Registrar

Computershare

150 Royall Street, Suite 101

Canton, MA 02021

800-982-7652

Hearing impaired: 800-952-9245

www.computershare.com/pnc

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on May 2, 2025 on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

/s/ Robert Q. Reilly
Robert Q. Reilly
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. – Form 10-Q 93